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Published in Crop Sci 11:929-931 (1971)
© 1971 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Stage of Development Descriptions for Soybeans, Glycine Max (L.) Merrill1

W. R. Fehr, C. E. Caviness, D. T. Burmood and J. S. Pennington2

We developed stage of development descriptions which we believe apply to all soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) genotypes grown in any environment. The descriptions apply to single plants or a community of plants and are precise and objective.

Vegetative and reproductive development are described separately. Vegetative stages are determined by counting the number of nodes on the main stem, beginning with the unifoliolate node, that have or have had a completely unrolled leaf. Reproductive stages Rl and R2 are based on flowering, R3 and R4 on pod development, R5 and R6 on seed development, and R7 and R8 on maturation.

The stage descriptions should enhance soybean research by standardizing descriptions of soybean plant development. The system also will be used by the soybean hail insurance industry for stage determination in adjustment of losses.

Key Words: Pod development • Seed development • Maturation

1 Joint contribution from the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, 50010, as Journal Paper No. J-6868, Project 1179; the Arkansas Experiment Station, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701; and the Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, as No. 694 of the U. S. Regional Soybean Laboratory. This research was supported by a grant from the Crop Insurance Research Bureau and the Hail Insurance Adjustment and Research Association.

2 Associate Professor of Agronomy and Collaborator, Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Iowa State University; Professor of Agronomy, University of Arkansas; Research Associate, Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University; and Research Assistant, Department of Agronomy, University of Arkansas, respectively.

Received for publication April 21, 1971.


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