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Fig. 2. Evolutionary divergence and ancestral simulation. Represented here is a genomic duplication, its diploidization, and an illustration of how the ancestral gene arrangement is simulated from the diverged duplicated regions. Vertical bars with horizontal lines represent chromosomal segments and genes. Dashed lines connecting matching colored lines identify homologous genes. (A) Two identical genomic segments, 1 and 2, are created from a duplication event. (B) The effects of the diploidization process have reduced the similarities between the duplicate regions to only four colinear homologous sequences. (C) An ancestral gene arrangement is simulated by condensing the two related regions into one. The genes in the simulated, ancestral region are arrayed by their relative spacing between homologous anchor points. (A and C) A comparison of the simulated ancestral region with the original shows how the computational condensing of two diverged, related regions can model their original progenitor.
