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a USDA-ARS, 605 Airways Blvd., Jackson, TN 38301
b USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 345, Stoneville, MS 38776
* Corresponding author (parelli{at}ars.usda.gov)
JTN-5503 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. no. GP-326, PI 641938) was developed by the USDA-ARS and released in 2005 because of its high seed yield, resistance to multiple nematode populations (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) and resistance to fungal diseases. It is a maturity group V line (relative maturity 5.4) and is well adapted to production in the southern USA.
JTN-5503 is a selection from the cross ‘Fowler’ x ‘Manokin’ and is an F4–derived line (Young, 2001; Kenworthy et al., 1996). Fowler is resistant to SCN Races 2, 3, 5, and 14 and its resistance was derived from ‘Hartwig’ (Anand, 1992). Hartwig has derived its resistance from ‘Forrest’ and PI 437654 (Hartwig and Epps, 1973). Manokin is resistant to SCN Races 1 and 3. Manokin has derived its resistance from the landrace Peking via Forrest and a sib of ‘Centennial’ (Hartwig and Epps, 1977). The parents of cultivars Fowler and Manokin are Hartwig x ‘Holladay’ and L70L-3048 x D74–7824, respectively. The original cross was made in summer 1995 at Jackson, TN. On the basis of the greenhouse evaluations, F2 plants resistant to SCN Race 2 (corresponding to HG Type 1.2-) were selected and grown in F3 rows in 1998. Progenies were advanced through pedigree selection (Fehr, 1991) during 1999–2001 for superior agronomic types.
Individual F4 plants were harvested and planted out to rows. Selected uniform families with superior agronomic types in F5 were individually bulked and were tested in yield trials at multiple locations in each year in Tennessee from 2002 through 2004. Marker assisted selection (Meksem et al., 2001) following the yield selection in F6 was used to identify a soybean line with combined resistance to SCN Races 2, 3, 5, and 14 [corresponding to HG Types 1.2.5.7, 0, 2.5.7, 1.3.6.7, respectively (Niblack et al., 2002)]. SCN alleles rhg1, Rhg4, and Rhg5 were tracked using simple sequence repeat markers Satt 309, Satt 632, Satt 162, and Satt 082. Resistance in this line was confirmed with nematode populations in greenhouse phenotyping tests (Arelli et al., 2000).
In West Tennessee, averaged over six environments from 2002 through 2004, JTN-5503 has significantly exceeded seed yields of ‘Anand’ (Anand et al., 2001), Fowler and Manokin in local preliminary breeder yield trials. Seed yield of JTN-5503 was averaged 3800 kg ha–1, and Anand was averaged 3600 kg ha–1. Both Fowler and Manokin were averaged 3500 kg ha–1, respectively. Additionally, JTN-5503 was included in Tennessee State Variety Tests during 2004 and was evaluated in six environments. Its average seed yield (3808 kg ha–1) did not differ from the seed yield of the check variety 5002T (3897 kg ha–1, Allen et al., 2004).
On the basis of data averaged across the 2003 and 2004 USDA Southern Regional Preliminary and Uniform Group V tests, JTN-5503 produced 3675 kg ha–1 seed yield, 187 g kg–1 seed oil, 398 g kg–1 seed protein, and 13.6 g 100–1 seed weight, respectively (Paris and Bell, 2004, 2005). Seed yield of check variety 5601T produced 3634 kg ha–1, 186 g kg–1 seed oil, 416 g kg–1 seed protein, and similar seed weight to JTN-5503, respectively. The release matured 2 d later than check variety 5601T and was 5 cm shorter in height. Lodging in JTN-5503 was slightly higher compared to 5601T (i.e., a score 2.2 vs. 1.6. on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 indicates an erect and 5 a prostrate plant). JTN-5503 has white flowers, tawny pubescence, and a determinate growth habit. Seeds are yellow with black hila.
JTN-5503 is very highly resistant to multiple nematode populations (Races 2, 3, 5, 14; corresponding to HG Types 1.2.5.7, 0, 2.5.7, 1.3.6.7, respectively). JTN-5503 is highly resistant to stem canker [caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. var. caulivora Athow & Caldwell], frogeye leaf spot (caused by Cercospora sojini K. Hova), and moderately susceptible to Sudden Death Syndrome [caused by Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.] (Newman, 2004). The release was also found resistant to Cercospora leaf blight [caused by Cercospora kikuchii (Matsumoto & Tomoyasu) M. W. Gardner] (M. Newman, personal communication). In tests conducted in 2003–2004 at Stoneville, MS, JTN-5503 had lower disease severity due to charcoal rot [caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidavich] than other lines. In tests conducted at the University of Georgia in 2004, the release is susceptible to both root-knot nematodes [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood and Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood (B. Paris, personal communication)].
Seed of JTN-5503 will be maintained by the Crop Genetics & Production Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Jackson, TN. Small samples (200 seeds) of JTN-5503 can be requested from the corresponding author for at least 5 yr. It is requested that appropriate recognition be made if this germplasm line contributes to the development of new germplasm and cultivars. No application will be made for U.S. plant variety protection for JTN-5503.
NOTES
Research supported in part by the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board. Registration of CSSA.
Received for publication December 13, 2005.
REFERENCES
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