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REGISTRATIONS OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Arman’–A Kabuli Chickpea Cultivar

^a Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Kermanshah, Iran
^b International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
^c Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh, Iran

^* Corresponding author (R.Malhotra{at}cgiar.org)

‘Arman’ (Reg. no. CV-264, PI 641936) is a Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivar developed by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria, and released by The Dryland Agricultural Research Institute (DARI), Maragheh, Iran, in 2004. Arman, tested as ICARDA accession number FLIP 90-96C, is high yielding, resistant to Ascochyta blight [caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Passerini) Labrousse], possesses erect growth habit, is medium-sized seed, and is recommended for autumn planting in the semiwarm and moderate areas of Iran.

The Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Iran, introduced the line FLIP 90-96C from ICARDA as part of the Chickpea International Screening Nursery in 1992. FLIP 90-96C is a breeding line developed from the cross ILC 5342/FLIP 84-93C made in 1987 at Tel Hadya, the main research station of ICARDA, at Aleppo, Syria [36.01° N 36.56° E, 284 m above sea level (asl)]. FLIP 84-93C was developed at ICARDA from the cross ILC 72/ILC 215 made in 1980 following pedigree method of selection. The F₁ generation was advanced in Terbol, in the Bequa'a Valley in Lebanon (33.49° N 35.59° E, 890 m asl) in the off-season during June to October 1987. The F₂ seeds were planted at Tel Hadya during the 1987–1988 cropping season (November to June) in the Ascochyta blight disease nursery (ABDN) for screening against Ascochyta blight. The disease was developed from debris from infested plants collected from the previous season and by spraying inoculum with a spore suspension of the common isolates of Ascochyta blight present in Syria. The Ascochyta blight resistant plants were selected from ABDN and were planted at Terbol in 1998 for advancement of generation. Selected individual F₃ plants from each progeny were harvested at Terbol and their seeds planted in progeny rows at Tel Hadya in the ABDN. The pedigree method of breeding was followed through the F₆ when agronomically uniform and Ascochyta blight resistant progenies were bulked in 1990. The increased seed of selected progenies was used to evaluate seed yield and other agronomic traits in the Preliminary Yield Trial (PYT) at Tel Hadya during the winter season of 1990–1991. The elite lines from this trial were assigned FLIP 90- numbers including FLIP 90-96C (later named Arman) and shared with national programs in West Asia and North Africa (WANA). Arman along with others entered the Chickpea International Screening Nursery, winter 1991–1992 and was also distributed to the Iranian national program.

FLIP 90-96C was evaluated in 1992–1993 and 1993–1994 seasons in Chickpea International Ascochyta Blight Nursery and Chickpea International Yield Trial (CIYT) at Hashamabad Research Station in Golestan province, Iran. The results of performance of different lines in CIYT, A-test, B-test, C-test, adaptation yield trial, on-farm, and joint extension-research trials conducted during 11 yr (1992–1993 to 2002–2003 seasons) showed that FLIP 90-96C was significantly superior in seed yield as compared to local checks in Golestan, Ilam, Gachsaran and Kermanshah provinces (Sabaghpour et al., 2002). Ascochyta blight limits yield in the north (Golestan), west (Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan), and southern parts of Iran (Sabaghpour, 2004). All local cultivars, such as Bivanij, Greet, Korosh, and Jam which are planted by the farmers, are susceptible to Ascochyta blight (Sadri and Banai, 1996), whereas Arman showed a consistently resistant reaction to Ascochyta blight during 11 yr of evaluation under natural field conditions and under artificial inoculation in the greenhouse.

Yield potential was assessed in joint research and extension demonstrations in two areas (Varsan and Kelalah) in Golestan in 1999 and revealed that Arman produced 4522 and 3100 kg/ha in Varsan and Kelalah, which was significantly higher than the local check (P = 0.01). Also, in on-farm trials in the Behasht and Deh-Dasht regions of Gachsaran, Arman produced 1007 and 400 kg/ha under rainfed conditions in 2000–2001 season as compared with those of local varieties, which produced 685 and 130 kg/ha, respectively. In joint research and extension trials in Kermanshah conducted during 2003 in farmers' fields, Arman produced 1538 kg/ha, a significantly higher yield than Bivanij (718 kg/ha), the check cultivar. On the basis of overall results, Arman produced 84, 130, 58, and 33% higher seed yield than local checks during 11 yr of evaluation in Kermanshah, Ilam, Gachsaran, and Golestan provinces, respectively.

Arman has an erect growth habit with a mean plant height of 75 cm; the first pod is set about 18 cm above ground level. The cultivar is therefore suitable for mechanical harvest. Stems are green, flowers are white, and pods are nonpigmented. Arman bears an average of 23 pods per plant and 1.1 seeds per pod. The seeds are beige color, owl's head shaped, and weigh 37 g 100 seeds^–1. Arman on average takes 151 d to flower and 171 d to mature.

Seed of Arman is maintained at The Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh, Iran, and at the Integrated Gene Management Program of ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, and is available in small quantities on written request from the corresponding author. Recipients are requested to recognize the source if it contributes to the development of a cultivar or germplasm or is used for other research purposes.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Received for publication December 10, 2005.

REFERENCES

• Sabaghpour, S.H. 2004. Present status and future prospects of food legume in Iran. p. 225. In C.L.L. Gowda and S. Pande (ed.) Role of legumes in crop diversification and poverty reduction in Asia. ICRISAT, Patancheru, India.
• Sabaghpour, S.H., R. Sarparast, M. Safikhani, A. Jahangheri., R.S. Malhotra., A Ghaffari, and H. Ketata. 2002. A new chickpea variety, candidate for release in drylands of Iran. p. 132. In Proceeding of Seventh International Conference on Development and Management of Drylands in the 21st century, Iran.
• Sadri, B., and T. Banai. 1996. Chickpea in Iran. p. 23–33. In N.P. Saxena et al. (ed.) Adaptation of Chickpea in the West Asia and North Africa Region. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India; and International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria.

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