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REGISTRATIONS OF GERMPLASMS

Registration of 14 Primitive Derived Cotton Germplasm Lines with Improved Fiber Strength

USDA-ARS, Crop Sci. Res. Lab., P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762

^* Corresponding author (jmccarty{at}ars.usda.gov)

The ARS-USDA and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station released 14 primitive derived cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines (Reg. no. GP-822 through GP-835, PI 639148 through PI 639161) with improved fiber strength in 2004. These lines were derived from photoperiodic primitive race accessions that were converted to day-neutrality and selected for improved fiber strength. The germplasm release designation, registration number, and PI number of each line are given in Table 1.

M75–1 was developed from a cross between ‘Deltapine 16’ (PI 529251, DPL16) and the primitive accession T75 (PI 549138) where day-neutral flowering habit was selected in the F₂. This day-neutral selection was then backcrossed to T75. A single high fiber strength day-neutral plant was selected in the BC₁F₂. A single high strength plant was selected in the two succeeding generations.

M1388–1, M1388–2, and M1388–3 were developed from a cross between ‘DES56’ (PI 529520) (Bridge and Chism, 1978) and accession T1388 (PI 415112). A high fiber strength, day-neutral plant was selected in the F₂ and F₃. Three high strength plants were selected in the F₄ from which M1388–1, M1388–2, and M1388–3 were derived.

M239–1 through M239–7 was developed from a cross between DPL16 and accession T239 (PI 163693) where day-neutral flowering habit was selected in the F₂. This day-neutral selection was then backcrossed three times to T239, each time selecting for the day-neutral flowering habit in the F₂ following each backcross. A high strength day-neutral plant was selected in the BC₃F₂. In the BC₃F₃, three high strength plants were selected. From progeny of these three plants, seven selections were made in the BC₃F₄ from which M239–1 through M239–7 were derived.

M237–1, M237–2, and M237–3 were developed from a cross between DPL16 and accession T237 (PI 163657) where day-neutral flowering habit was selected in the F₂. This day-neutral selection was then backcrossed to T237. Two BC₁F₂, day-neutral, plants were selected for superior fiber length and strength. From these two plants, three BC₁F₃ plants were selected and from their progeny, three BC₁F₄ plants were selected from which M237–1, M237–2, and M237–3 were derived.

The F₄–derived plant selections of all crosses were advanced to the F₈ via bulk-self increase. The F₈ generation was evaluated for yield, yield components, and fiber traits in 1998 through 2000 and compared to check cultivars Deltapine 50, DES 119, Stoneville 474, Deltapine 90, and SureGrow 125 in replicated tests at Mississippi State, MS. The germplasm lines generally had lower yield and lint percentage (range 28–32%) compared with check cultivars. Except for M75–1, M1388–2 and –3, and M237–2 boll weights were comparable to checks. Micronaire reading for M237–1, –2, and –3 was lower than checks while other germplasm lines were equal or higher than check cultivars. Percentage fiber elongation was lower than cultivars except for M75–1, which was equal to checks. Eight of the germplasm lines had fibers shorter than checks while only two, M237–2 and –3 had fibers longer than checks. Fiber strength measured by single instrument for the check cultivars ranged from 193 kN m kg^–1 for Deltapine 50 to 219 kN m kg^–1 for Deltapine 90. The strength for the germplasm lines ranged from 234 kN m kg^–1 for M75–1 to 259 kN m kg^–1 for M239–7. These lines represent diverse germplasm with fiber strength improved as much as 20% over check cultivars.

Small quantities of seed of these germplasm lines may be obtained from the corresponding author. Recipients of seed are asked to make appropriate recognition of the source of the germplasm if it is used in the development of a new cultivar, germplasm, parental line, or genetic stock.

NOTES

Contribution of the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the Mississippi Agric. and Forestry Exp. Stn., Mississippi State, MS. Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication May 31, 2005.

REFERENCES

• Bridge, R.R., and J.F. Chism. 1978. Registration of DES 56 Cotton. Crop Sci. 18:524.[Free Full Text]
• McCarty, J.C., J.N. Jenkins, and J. Wu. 2003. Use of primitive accessions of cotton as sources of genes for improving yield components and fiber properties. Bull. 1130. Mississippi Agric. For. Exp. Stn., Mississippi State. Available online at msucares.com/pubs/bulletins/b1130.pdf (verified 17 July 2005).
• McCarty, J.C., J.N. Jenkins, and J. Wu. 2004a. Primitive accession derived germplasm by cultivar crosses as sources for cotton improvement: I. Phenotypic values and variance components. Crop Sci. 44:1226–1230.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• McCarty, J.C., J.N. Jenkins, and J. Wu. 2004b. Primitive accession derived germplasm by cultivar crosses as sources for cotton improvement: II. Genetic effects and genotypic values. Crop Sci. 44:1231–1235.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Percival, A.E. 1987. The national collection of Gossypium germplasm. South. Coop. Ser. Bull. No. 321. Dep. Agric. Comm., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX.

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