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REGISTRATIONS OF GERMPLASMS

Registration of Arkot 9111 Germplasm Line of Cotton

^a Univ. of Arkansas Northeast Research and Extension Center, P.O. Box 48, Keiser, AR 72351
^b Cotton Incorporated, 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, NC 27513

^* Corresponding author (bourland{at}uark.edu)

A breeding line of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), designated as Arkot 9111 (Reg. no. GP-798, PI 638506), was released in 2004 by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Arkot 9111 (tested as 9111-57-20) was derived from a 1991 cross between ‘H1330’ (Bourland, 1996) and M-725 (Shepherd et al., 1996). M-725 is a root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood] resistant germplasm line developed with ‘Coker 310’ as its recurrent parent. Arkot 9111 was developed using the general procedures outline by Bourland (2004). An individual plant selected in the F₂ generation was evaluated as F₃ progeny row 9111-57 in 1993 and as a strain in 1994 and 1995. A second cycle of selection in 1995 gave rise to 9111-57-20, which was tested as a progeny row in 1996 and was promoted to a strain in 1997.

Arkot 9111 was included in 29 replicated field tests at four Arkansas Agricultural Research Station sites in the Mississippi River Delta and compared with ‘ST 474’ in 1997 through 2000 and ‘PSC 355’ in 2001 through 2003. Lint yields of Arkot 9111 were significantly greater than yields of the check cultivar in six of the tests, but significantly less than the check cultivar in six other tests. Averaged across all of the tests, Arkot 9111 yielded 5% less than the check cultivars, but its yields exceeded the check cultivars by 13% at the two most northern Arkansas sites (nine tests). Plant height, fiber length uniformity, and fiber elongation values of Arkot 9111 were similar to those of the check cultivars. Compared with the check cultivars, Arkot 9111 had 2% higher lint fraction, 6% lower micronaire reading, 2% longer fiber length, and 2% lower fiber strength. Except for the slightly lower fiber strength, fiber quality of Arkot 9111 may be considered better than that of ST 474 or PSC 355.

Arkot 9111 produced 12% fewer seed per area, 12% higher lint index, 8% higher seed index, and 15% more fibers per seed than the check cultivars. Compared with these check cultivars, yield production of Arkot 9111 appears to be relatively more dependent on increased lint per seed than on increased number of seed per area. According to Lewis et al. (2000), this combination of yield components should contribute to more stable yield production.

Expect for leaf pubescence, Arkot 9111 is morphologically similar to ST 474 and PSC 355. Leaf pubescence (visually rated in six of the 29 tests) of Arkot 9111 averaged 3.8 compared with 5.6 for the hairy-leaf check based on a rating scale of 1 (smooth leaf) to 7 (very hairy) (Bourland et al., 2003).

Improved host plant resistance to several pests has been measured in Arkot 9111. The line possesses partial resistance to root-knot nematode. In 2002 (LSU Ag Center, Bossier City, LA) and 2003 (Southwest Research and Extension Center, Hope, AR), Arkot 9111 had significantly less root galling by root-knot nematode than the susceptible checks (ST 474 in 2002 and ‘KC 355’ in 2003), but significantly more than the resistant checks (‘LA 887’ in 2002 and M-240 in 2003). During selection, Arkot 9111 was screened for resistance to races 1, 2, 7, and 18 of Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum (Smith) Dye, the causal agent of bacterial blight. Resistance to these races conveys resistance to all known U.S. races of this pathogen. In subsequent tests, the line did not exhibit symptoms of bacterial blight even after field inoculations with the same races of the pathogen. In the 2001 and 2002 National Cotton Fusarium Wilt Test at Tallassee, AL, response of Arkot 9111 to fusarium wilt [caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlect. F. sp. vasinfectum (Atk.) Snyd. & Hans.] did not differ from the susceptible check, ‘Rowden’ (Glass et al., 2001, 2002). Compared with ST 474 in 1999 and PSC 355 in 2002, Arkot 9111 suffered similar percentage of wilted plants due to Verticillium wilt (caused by Verticillium dahliae, Kleb.) at Clarkedale, AR.

Resistance of Arkot 9111 to thrips (Thrips spp.) at Keiser, AR, was equal to that of ST 474 in 1999, but was significantly higher than that of ST 474 under high infestation of thrips in 2000. Anther damage by tarnished plant bug [Linus lineolarus (Palisot de Beauvois)] to Arkot 9111 in 2004 was significantly less than damage found in two frego bract checks and equal to damage in PSC 355 and ‘SG 105’.

The combination of adaptation to the northern Mississippi River Delta, good fiber properties, and specific host plant resistance traits make this line valuable to cotton breeding programs. Development of Arkot 9111 was supported in part by funding from Cotton Incorporated. Small quantities of Arkot 9111 seed may be obtained for breeding purposes from F.M. Bourland, P.O. Box 48, Northeast Research and Extension Center, Keiser, AR 72351. Unless specifically approved by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Arkot 9111 may not be used as a recurrent parent in a breeding program.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication March 31, 2005.

REFERENCES

• Bourland, F.M. 1996. Registration of ‘H1330’ cotton. Crop Sci. 36:813.
• Bourland, F.M. 2004. Overview of the University of Arkansas cotton breeding program. p. 1093–1097. In Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Antonio, TX. 5–9 Jan. 2004. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN.
• Bourland, F.M., J.M. Hornbeck, A.B. McFall, and S.D. Calhoun. 2003. A rating system for leaf pubescence of cotton. J. Cotton Sci. 7:8–15.
• Lewis, H., L. May, and F. Bourland. 2000. Cotton yield components and yield stability. p. 532–536. In Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conf., San Antonio, TX. 4–8 Jan. 2000. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN.
• Glass, K.M., W.S. Gazaway, and E. van Santen. 2001. 2001 National cotton fusarium wilt report. Agronomy and Soils Dep. Ser. No. 238. Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL.
• Glass, K.M., W.S. Gazaway, and E. van Santen. 2002. 2002 National cotton fusarium wilt report. Agronomy and Soils Dep. Ser. No. 246. Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL.
• Shepherd, R.L., J.C. McCarty, Jr., J.N. Jenkins, and W.L. Parrott. 1996. Registration of nine cotton germplasm lines resistant to root-knot nematodes. Crop Sci. 36:820.[Free Full Text]

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