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REGISTRATIONS OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Georgia-04S’ Peanut

Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793-0748

^* Corresponding author (wdbranch{at}tifton.uga.edu)

‘Georgia-04S’ (Reg. no. CV- 80, PI 636472) is a new high-oleic small-seeded peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar that was released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations in 2004. It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA, for the same confectionary or candy market as used by spanish-type cultivars.

Georgia-04S originated from a backcross made in 1993 between an F₄ Georgia high-oleic selection derived from (‘Georgia Browne’ x UF 435-OL-2) x Georgia Browne, the recurrent parent (Branch, 1994). Pedigree selection was practiced within the BC₁ F₂, BC₁F₃, and BC₁F₄ populations for high-oleic (O) and low-linoleic (L) fatty acid ratio, desirable pod shape, seed size, testa color, growth habit, maturity, high yield, and grade characteristics. Since spotted wilt caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was naturally occurring during these early segregation generations, individual plants were also selected for TSWV resistance. Performance testing began in the BC₁ F_4:6 generation with the advanced pure-line selection GA 982502.

During the past 4 yr (2000–2003) in Georgia and Florida, Georgia-04S and Georgia Browne were found to be significantly lower in TSWV than ‘Pronto’ (Banks and Kirby, 1983), ‘Spanco’ (Kirby et al., 1989), and ‘OLin’, the only other currently available high-oleic spanish cultivar (Simpson et al., 2003). Georgia-04S and Georgia Browne were also found to be significantly higher in yield (>25%), better in total sound mature kernel grade (>5%), and greater in dollar value return per hectare (>25%) when compared with ‘Tamspan 90’ (Smith et al., 1991), Pronto, Spanco, and OLin.

Georgia-04S is unique from these other spanish-type cultivars in having a combination of high-oleic and low-linoleic fatty acid ratio, more decumbent spreading growth habit, darker green foliage, and medium maturity, similar to Georgia Browne. No significant difference was found between Georgia-04S and Georgia Browne and these other spanish cultivars for 100 sound mature seed weight. Both Georgia-04S and OLin had significantly higher O/L ratios than Georgia Browne (34:1 and 33:1 vs. 2:1, respectively). However, no difference was found between Georgia-04S, Georgia Browne, and OLin for blanchability, protein content, oil content, and roasted flavor.

U.S. Plant Variety Protection is pending for Georgia-04S. Breeder seed of Georgia-04S will be maintained by the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station at Tifton, GA. Foundation seed will be available from the Georgia Seed Development Commission, 2420 S. Milledge Avenue, Athens, GA 30605.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication January 31, 2005.

REFERENCES

• Banks, D.J., and J.S. Kirby. 1983. Registration of Pronto peanut. Crop Sci. 23:184.[Free Full Text]
• Branch, W.D. 1994. Registration of ‘Georgia Browne’ peanut. Crop Sci. 34:1125–1126.[Free Full Text]
• Kirby, J.S., D.J. Banks, and J.R. Sholar. 1989. Registration of ‘Spanco’ peanut. Crop Sci. 29:1573–1574.[Free Full Text]
• Simpson, C.E., M.R. Baring, A.M. Schubert, H.A. Melouk, Y. Lopez, and J.S. Kirby. 2003. Registration of ‘OLin’ peanut. Crop Sci. 43:1880–1881.[Free Full Text]
• Smith, O.D., C.E. Simpson, W.J. Grichar, and H.A. Melouk. 1991. Registration of ‘Tamspan 90’ peanut. Crop Sci. 31:1711.[Free Full Text]

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