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a Univ. of Arkansas Northeast Research and Extension Center, P.O. Box 48, Keiser, AR 72351
b USDA-ARS, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776
c Cotton Incorporated, 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, NC 27513
* Corresponding author (bourland{at}uark.edu)
An early maturing breeding line of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), designated as Arkot 8712 (Reg. no. GP-791, PI 636101), was released in 2004 by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Arkot 8712 was derived from the double cross of F1 (‘Deltapine 50’/Miscot 7913-51)//F1 (Miscot T8-27/Miscot 7803-52). The germplasm lines Miscot 7913-51 (Bourland, 1988), Miscot T8-27 (Bourland and Bridge, 1988), and Miscot 7803-51 (Bourland and White, 1989) were developed by crossing lines from the Texas A&M Multi-Adversity Resistance Cotton Breeding program (Bird, 1982) with lines adapted to the Mississippi River Delta region. Deltapine 50 was a widely grown, smooth-leaf, early-maturing cultivar released in the early 1980s.
Arkot 8712 (tested as 8712-09-20) was evaluated in 43 replicated field tests at four Arkansas Agricultural Research Station sites in the Mississippi River Delta from 1995 through 2003. Lint yields of Arkot 8712 were greater than, equal to, and less than the check cultivars (DES 119 in 1995-1997, ST474 in 1999-2000, and PSC 355 in 2001-2003) in 6, 32, and 5 of the tests, respectively. Over all tests, lint yield, plant height, micronaire reading, fiber length uniformity, strength, and elongation varied less than 1% from the check cultivars. Arkot 8712 differed from the checks in lint fraction (significantly less than the checks in 20 of 43 tests), fiber length (significantly longer than the checks in 32 of 43 tests), and leaf pubescence (significantly smoother than checks in all tests). Based on the rating system published by Bourland et al. (2003), the average leaf pubescence rating of Arkot 8712 was 2.8 compared with 5.8 for the hairy-leaf checks.
Over 34 yr by location comparisons in the 1996 through 1999 High Quality Regional Cotton Variety Tests, Arkot 8712 yielded 92% as much lint as a check cultivar (SG125 in 1996–1998, SG747 in 1999). Highest relative yields of Arkot 8712 were obtained in the Arkansas, Mississippi, Georgia, and North Carolina test sites. As found above, Arkot 8712 tended to have lower lint fraction, longer fiber length, and similar micronaire and length uniformity indices compared with the check cultivar. Fiber strength and yarn tenacity of Arkot 8712 in these tests were 10% stronger than the check cultivars. Results of these tests (including additional fiber and seed parameters) are available online at http://msa.ars.usda.gov/ms/stoneville/cgpr/rayburn.html (verified 2 Jan. 2005).
During selection, Arkot 8712 was screened for resistance to races 1, 2, 7, and 18 of Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum (Smith) Dye, the causal agent of bacterial blight. Resistance to these races conveys resistance to all known U.S. races of this pathogen. In subsequent tests, Arkot 8712 has not exhibited symptoms of bacterial blight even after field inoculations with the pathogen. In the 1997 and 2001 National Cotton Fusarium Wilt Tests at Tallassee, AL, resistance of Arkot 8712 to Fusarium wilt [caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlect.:Fr. f. sp. vasinfectum (Atk.) Snyd. & Hans.] was equal to the resistant check, M-315 (Glass and Gazaway, 1997; Glass et al., 2001).
The good fiber properties and specific adaptation of Arkot 8712 are unusual in an early maturing genotype. This combination of traits makes the line valuable as a breeding line. Small quantities of Arkot 8712 seed may be obtained for breeding purposes from the corresponding author. Unless approved by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, this line may not be used as a recurrent parent in the development of a cultivar. Development of Arkot 8712 was supported in part by funding from Cotton Incorporated.
NOTES
Accepted for publication November 30, 2004.
REFERENCES
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  F. M. Bourland and D. Jones Registration of Arkot JJ46, Arkot 9610, and Arkot 9620 Germplasm Lines of Cotton Journal of Plant Registrations, September 1, 2008; 2(3): 235 - 238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. M. Bourland and D. C. Jones Registration of Arkot 9608ne Germplasm Line of Cotton Journal of Plant Registrations, May 1, 2008; 2(2): 125 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F.M. Bourland and D.C. Jones Registration of Arkot 9506 and Arkot 9513 Germplasm Lines of Cotton Journal of Plant Registrations, May 1, 2007; 1(1): 54 - 55. [Full Text] [PDF]
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