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REGISTRATIONS OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Tamcot 22’ High-Yielding Upland Cotton Cultivar

^a Dep. of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Texas A&M Univ. System, College Station, TX 77843-2474
^b Cotton Incorporated, 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, NC 27513

^* Corresponding author (pthaxton{at}ag.tamu.edu)

‘Tamcot 22’ upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (Reg. no. CV-121, PI 635877) was developed by the Cotton Improvement Laboratory, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station in 2004 as part of an ongoing effort to create germplasm and cultivars with improved yield potential and excellent fiber quality adapted to central and south Texas. Tamcot 22 was derived by hybridization and pedigree selection at Weslaco, TX, and initially evaluated for production in south Texas.

Tamcot 22 resulted from the cross of TAM 87G³–27 (Smith and Niles, 1994), a breeding line developed in the Cotton Improvement Laboratory with pedigree AET-108/1209-619-2S-77//PD 6992, and TAM 88G-104, a high-yielding picker-type upland cotton with resistance to silverleaf whitefly [Bemesis argentifolli (Perring and Bellows)] (Smith, 2001). Tamcot 22 was derived from a single F_3:4 progeny row following selection of single plants in the F₂ and F₃ generations. Plant selections and F₄ progeny rows were selected on the basis of apparent yield potential, high volume instrument fiber properties, and overall plant conformation. Tamcot 22 was treated subsequently as a pure line and evaluated throughout central, south, and north Texas (Weslaco, Corpus Christi, College Station, Uvalde, Thrall, Dallas, and Chillicothe) for three years (2000–2002) under the strain designation 96WD-22.

Tamcot 22 is a midseason maturity, picker-type upland cotton with growth habit similar to ‘Deltapine 50’ (Calhoun et al., 1994) when grown with irrigation at College Station, TX. Trichome density of leaves of Tamcot 22 averages 33 trichomes cm^–2 (ranging from 7–72 trichomes cm^–2) while leaves of Deltapine 50 and ‘Tamcot CAB-CS’ (Bird et al., 1986) average 12 and 4 trichomes cm^–2, respectively. Trichome density on the main stem averages 8 trichomes cm^–2 compared with 6 trichomes cm^–2 on Deltapine 50 and 0.4 trichomes cm^–2 on Tamcot CAB-CS. Tamcot 22 possesses normal-shaped leaves and bracts and is glanded and nectaried. Flowers from plants of Tamcot 22 have cream-colored petals, anthers, and pollen. Full-size green bolls are longer than their width and are broader in the middle. Bolls have four locks with five occasionally. Open bolls resist shattering but are not stormproof and are thus suitable for picker harvesting.

Tamcot 22 is resistant to the silverleaf whitefly and moderately resistant to bacterial blight [caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum (Smith) Dye]. Tamcot 22 has similar levels of resistance to other insects and diseases affecting cotton as nontransgenic commercial cultivars available to producers in central and south Texas.

Averaged across 2 yr of irrigated production at College Station, Tamcot 22 reached 60% open bolls 130 d from planting, while ‘Tamcot Sphinx’ (El-Zik and Thaxton, 1996) required 126 d and Texas 418 required 136 d. Averaged across the 14 performance trials in central and south Texas in 2000 and 2001, Tamcot 22 produced 17% more lint yield than ‘FiberMax 832’, and 32% more lint than Tamcot Sphinx. Tamcot 22 has higher gin turnout (P = 0.05) than Tamcot Sphinx, ‘Sure-Grow 125’, or FiberMax 832.

Over 14 trials in Texas during 2001 and 2002, the average upper half mean fiber length of Tamcot 22 was longer (P = 0.05) than Tamcot Sphinx, but was 6% shorter than FiberMax 832. Average fiber bundle strength of FiberMax 832 was 14% stronger than Tamcot 22, but Tamcot 22 was equal to Tamcot Sphinx. Micronaire readings of Tamcot 22 averaged 4.2 compared with 4.8 for Tamcot Sphinx and 4.4 for FiberMax 832.

The Foundation Seed Service of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station produces, maintains, and sells Foundation seed to producers of Registered and Certified classes. U.S. Plant Variety Protection (PVP no. 200500006) for Tamcot 22 has been applied for requiring that it be sold by variety name only as a class of Certified seed.

Research leading to the development of Tamcot 22 was supported in part by grants from the Texas Food and Fibers Commission and Cotton Incorporated's Texas State Support program. Small quantities of Tamcot 22 seed may be obtained for breeding purposes from the corresponding author.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication November 30, 2004.

REFERENCES

• Bird, L.S., K.M. El-Zik, and P.M. Thaxton. 1986. Registration of ‘Tamcot CAB-CS’ upland cotton. Crop Sci. 26:384–385.[Free Full Text]
• Calhoun, D.S., D.T. Bowman, and O.L. May. 1994. Pedigrees of upland and pima cotton cultivars released between 1970 and 1990. Miss. Agric. For. Exp. Stn. Bull. 1017. Mississippi State, MS.
• El-Zik, K.M., and P.M. Thaxton. 1996. Registration of ‘Tamcot Sphinx’ cotton. Crop Sci. 36:1074.[Free Full Text]
• Smith, C.W. 2001. Registration of TAM 88G–104 high-yielding upland cotton germplasm. Crop Sci. 41:1369–1370.[Free Full Text]
• Smith, C. W., and G.A. Niles. 1994. Registration of four upland cotton germplasm lines having improved fiber quality: TAM 86G³–30, TAM 87D³–24, TAM87D³–2527, and TAM 87G³–27. Crop Sci. 34:1413–1414.[Free Full Text]

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