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Registration of Yellow Dwarf Viruses Resistant Wheat Germplasm Line P961341

Dep. of Agronomy, Purdue Univ. and USDA-ARS, West Lafayette, IN 47907

^* Corresponding author (hohm{at}purdue.edu)

P961341 soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm (Reg. no. GP-780, PI 634825) was developed by Purdue University Agricultural Research Programs and USDA-ARS and released in 2003. P961341, a translocation line, has resistance to yellow dwarf viruses, Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV luteovirus (BYDV) and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV polarovirus (CYDV) from intermediate wheatgrass {Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & Dewey [syn. Agropyron intermedium (Host) P.B.]}.

The parentage of P961341 is ‘Abe’/Th. intermedium//‘Compton’/3/‘Arthur’/‘Caldwell’/4/Caldwell/5/‘Oasis’*3/‘Clark’*4/‘Ning 7840’//Clark/‘Roazon’/6/‘Patterson’. After the backcross to Caldwell, an F₂ plant was identified as having a low concentration of BYDV and CYDV by ELISA testing (values of 0–0.1 in various tests) compared to susceptible Abe (values of 0.5–1.0) at 14 d after infestation of 2- to 3-leaf seedlings with viruliferous aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi). Cytologically this plant was 2n = 43 (21 II + 1I). F₃ plants that were resistant to BYDV and CYDV, determined by low ELISA values of 0 to 0.1 compared to susceptible Abe (0.5–1.0), were self pollinated to produce F₄ plants. Four F₄ plants derived from this 2n = 43 F₂ plant were identified by cytology as 2n = 42 and resistant to BYDV and CYDV by ELISA, and self-pollinated seeds from these four plants were bulked and released as the chromosome substitution line P29 (Sharma et al., 1997). Another F₄ plant from the same 2n = 43 F₂ plant was 2n = 44 and resistant to BYDV and CYDV, and was designated P107. This chromosome addition line was not released. P107 was irradiated with rays from ⁶⁰Co using a 120-Gy radiation dose. Putative translocation plants in subsequent generations after selfing were selected on the basis of low or negligible ELISA values, as described above, and as having 42 chromosomes. Progenies were characterized in these subsequent generations by ELISA, chromosome analysis (counts and pairing), Southern hybridization using a Thinopyrum-specific probe A600 and group 7 chromosome RFLP markers, and slot blots and genomic in situ hybridization using the rye telomeric repetitive sequence pAW161, as described for progenies of P29 (Sharma et al., 1999; Crasta et al., 2000). An M₄ putative translocation plant with a low ELISA value and 2n = 42, was crossed to an F₅ plant selection with the parentage Oasis/3/Clark*4/Ning 7840//Clark/Roazon, and the F₁ was crossed to Patterson. After the cross to Patterson, F₂ and F₄ plants were selected using a pedigree breeding method. The germplasm line P961341 is the progeny of a single F₄ plant selection. DNA marker analysis showed that P961341 has most of the long arm of chromosome 7E combined with the short arm of chromosome 7D (7DS.7DL-7EL).

ELISA values in a four-replicate test, 14 d after infestation with aphids viruliferous for BYDV and CYDV, for P961341 and Abe were, respectively, 0.095 and 0.516, LSD_0.05 = 0.264. Yellow dwarf symptom scores (0–9, 0 = no symptoms to 9 = severe leaf discoloration and plant stunting) in replicated field nurseries in 2002 at Lafayette, IN, with natural yellow dwarf viruses infection in winter wheat seedlings in fall 2001 for P961341, P29, Abe, and Caldwell were, respectively, 0.5, 0.5, 7.8, and 5.2, LSD_0.05 = 0.7; when evaluated in June 2002. Eighty percent of wheat tissue collections at Lafayette, IN, in 2002 were determined to contain BYDV and 20% were determined to contain CYDV. Grain yield for P961341, ‘Roane’, and ‘Ernie’ were, respectively, 2882, 2382, and 2153 kg ha^–1 averaged over two locations in Indiana and two replicates at each location, LSD_0.05 = 201 in 2002, a year characterized by considerable infection by yellow dwarf viruses. In 2003, with no or negligible yellow dwarf virus infection in wheat, grain yield for P961341, Roane, and Ernie were, respectively, 3056, 3051, and 2623 kg ha^–1 averaged over 7 locations in Indiana, with two replicates at each location, LSD_0.05 = 213.

P961341 has resistance to leaf and glume blotch [caused by Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.) Castellani and Germano] typically averaging a score of 4 (0–9 scale in which 0 = no symptoms to 9 = severe disease in glumes). Cultivar Patterson had an average score of 6 in the same tests. P961341 develops patches of purple pigment in the glumes to variable degrees in different environments, giving the appearance of glume blotch. P961341 has Lr37-Yr17-Sr38 linkage block from parent line Roazon, having the diagnostic DNA marker locus, Xgwm682 (Helguera et al., 2003). It was free of leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend.) in tests where Patterson scored as 10 S (10 = percentage flag leaf infected, S = susceptible reaction type) for leaf rust and 70 S for stripe rust. Powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis DC. f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal) develops more slowly on P961341 than on susceptible wheat lines; P961341 is typically scored at 2 to 4 (0–9, 0 = no lesions to 9 = severe disease) compared to scores of 6 to 8 for cultivar Patterson in the same tests in Indiana. P961341 is resistant to Soilborne mosaic virus, scored as 0 to 1 (0 = no yellow mottling, 9 = severe mottling and plant stunting) compared to cultivar Roane, with a score of 4, and cultivar ‘Coker 9375’, score of 8, in a severely infested plot area at Urbana, IL. Flowering date of P961341 in Indiana is similar to that of cultivar Patterson. P961341 has yellow anthers, with awnlets typically 3 to 5 mm long.

P961341 is intended to provide a source of resistance to BYDV and CYDV for wheat breeding and genetic research. Small quantities of seed are available on written request to the corresponding author. Appropriate recognition of source should be given when this germplasm contributes to research or development of a new breeding line or cultivar.

NOTES

Development of P961341 was funded partly by grants from Ag Alumni Seed and Public Varieties of Indiana, and by USDA-IFAFS competitive grant 2001-04462. Contribution from Purdue Univ. Agric. Res. Programs as Journal Article no. 17379. Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication August 31, 2004.

REFERENCES

• Crasta, O.R., M.G. Francki, D.B. Bucholtz, H.C. Sharma, J. Zhang, R.-C. Wang, H.W. Ohm, and J.M. Anderson. 2000. Identification and characterization of wheat–wheatgrass translocation lines and localization of barley yellow dwarf virus resistance. Genome 43:698–706.[Medline]
• Helguera, M., I.A. Khan, J. Kolmer, D. Lijavetzky, L. Zhong-qi, and J. Dubcovsky. 2003. PCR assays for the Lr37-Yr17-Sr38 cluster of rust resistance genes and their use to develop isogenic hard red spring wheat lines. Crop Sci. 43:1839–1847.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Sharma, H.C., H.W. Ohm, and K.L. Perry. 1997. Registration of barley yellow dwarf virus resistant wheat germplasm line P29. Crop Sci. 37:1032–1033.[Free Full Text]
• Sharma, H., M. Francki, O. Crasta, G. Gyulai, D. Bucholtz, H. Ohm, J. Anderson, K. Perry, and F. Patterson. 1999. Cytological and molecular characterization of wheat lines with Thinopyrum intermedium chromosome additions, substitutions and translocations resistant to barley yellow dwarf virus. Cytologia (Tokyo) 64:93–100.

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