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Registration of ‘Patriot’ White Clover

^a Dep. Crop and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
^b AgResearch Ltd., Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, New Zealand

^* Corresponding author (jbouton{at}uga.edu)

‘Patriot’ white clover (Trifolium repens L.) (Reg. no. CV-8, PI 633851) was developed by the University of Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations and AgResearch Ltd. (New Zealand). It was tested experimentally as GA-21159 and GC89.

One hundred ninety-two naturalized ecotypes were selected from perennial grass pastures near Eatonton, GA. These were intermated and their seed bulked to produce the germplasm GA-ETN. Forty randomly selected plants from GA-ETN were hybridized by hand with 40 randomly selected plants from the germplasm SRVR. Equal amounts of seed from each individual hybridization were bulked and the bulked seed increased in isolation to produce prebreeder seed of Patriot (Syn 1 generation). Breeder seed (Syn 2 generation) was increased in isolation from the prebreeder seed.

Patriot is a ladino by intermediate-type hybrid white clover (Trifolium repens L.) intended for use as the legume component for high quality, grass-based grazing systems in the eastern U.S.A. It is a persistent, high-yielding, densely spreading, profuse-flowering cultivar with a leaf color equivalent to green class 143A on the Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart (Anonymous, 1995). It was found to be more persistent than the most popular ladino cultivar Regal and provided a better ability to combat fescue toxicosis by enhancing animal gains on endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures without the need for nitrogen fertilizer (Parish et al., 2002).

Patriot is most similar to ‘Louisiana S-1’ and ‘Durana’. Patriot differs from Louisiana S-1 in having more stolon growing points per unit area, greater plant width and length, more seed heads per plant, and lower frequency of cyanogenic plants. Cluster analysis based on SSR markers also showed a distinct dendrogram grouping for Patriot that differed completely from Louisiana S-1 (Jahufer et al., 2003). Patriot differs from Durana in having taller individual plants, larger leaflets, longer petioles, later heading date, and lower frequency of cyanogenic plants. Patriot differs from the ladino cultivar Regal in having more stolon growing points per unit area, shorter plant height, smaller leaflets, shorter petioles, earlier heading date, greater number of seed heads per plant, and a higher frequency of cyanogenic plants.

Seed increase is limited to one generation each of Breeder (Syn 2), Foundation (Syn 3), Registered (Syn 4), and Certified (Syn 5) seed classes. A 1-, 2-, 2-, and 2-yr stand life is permitted on fields producing Breeder, Foundation, Registered, and Certified classes, respectively. Minimum isolation distances for crops of less than 2 ha will be 200 m for Foundation and Registered crops and 100 m for Certified crops. These isolation distances reduce to 100 m and 50 m, respectively, for crops more than 2 ha.

Application was made for U.S. Plant Variety Protection on 1 Aug. 2003 (PVP 200300304). Seed production and marketing rights were exclusively assigned to Pennington Seed, Inc., Madison, GA and Agricom, Ashburton, New Zealand.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Appreciation is extended to John Andrae, Carl Hoveland, Mark McCann, Jane Parish, and Richard Watson for their collaboration in performance data collection. We also thank Vaughn Calvert, Frank Newsome, Jason Strickland, Jenny Wood, and Phil Worley for technical assistance.

NOTES

Research was supported by State and Hatch funds allocated to the Georgia Agric. Exp. Stns., and grants from AgResearch Ltd., Pennington Seed, Inc., and Agricom, Ashburton, New Zealand. Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication August 31, 2004.

REFERENCES

• Anonymous. 1995. RHS colour chart. The Royal Horticultural Society, London.
• Parish, J.A., R.H. Watson, M.A. McCann, C.S. Hoveland, and J.H. Bouton. 2002. Steer performance and clover persistence in Georgia 5 tall fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 1):333.
• Jahufer, M.Z.Z., B.A. Barrett, A.G. Griffiths, and D.R. Woodfield. 2003. DNA fingerprinting and genetic relationships among white clover cultivars. Proc. N.Z. Grassl. Assoc. 65:163–169.

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