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REGISTRATIONS OF GERMPLASMS

Registration of NPM-4, a Dwarf White Grain Pearl Millet Germplasm

Department of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, P.O. Box 830915, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915

^* Corresponding author (idweikat2{at}unl.edu)

Dwarf grain pearl millet [Pennisetum glucum (L.) R. Br.] germplasm NPM-4 (Reg. no. GP-37, PI 634545) was released in September 2003 by the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.

NPM-4 was derived from open-pollinated outcrosses of white grain inbred line 57028R₁w grown in a 1998 Puerto Vallarta winter nursery. The source of the outcross pollen was from primarily genetically diverse, dwarf, early maturing, gray seeded lines being developed as parents for grain yield. Line 57028R₁w was derived from 89C57028R₁/3*90PV0121. Line 89C57028R₁ is gray-seeded, and line 90PV0121 has white seed. Line 90PV0121, an F₅ was derived from the cross 85C53005/ZW10. Line 89C57028R₁ was an A₁ (Burton, 1958) cytoplasmic nuclear male-sterility (cms) restorer S₅ selection out of row 84M:17101-1 of segregating germplasm obtained in the late 1970s from Dr. A.J. Casady, Kansas State University, that had undergone random mating and selection for at least 3 cycles before 1984. Line 85C53005 was an A₁ maintainer S2 selection (84H:14014) also from the segregating Casady germplasm. The line ZW10 was a white seeded introduction from Zambia obtained in 1988. The 1998 winter nursery outcrosses of 57028R₁w were grown in isolation at the Department of Agronomy Farm at the University of Nebraska's Agricultural Research and Development Center (ARDC), Mead, NE, in 1998 and productive dwarf white seeded plants were selected for harvest and bulked together. The harvested bulk was grown in 1999 at Mead and plants were selfed and selected for all white seed on panicles. The white seeded selfs were grown in isolation in 2000. Nineteen open-pollinated white grain selections were made and random mated in isolation in 2001. Open pollinated seed of the best six white grain families was combined to form the bulk for seed release. Final selection was for panicle size, kernel size, and lodging resistance. Topcrosses of NPM-4 with cms lines NE68A₁, NE59043A₁, and KS1163A₁ (a CMS A₁–line from W.D. Stegmeier, Kansas State University-Hays) in 2002 indicated that NPM-4 was a good restorer of A₁ cms with good combining ability for grain yield.

NPM-4 is a medium maturity, dwarf, tillering germplasm that averages between 85 and 100 cm in height at maturity. It flowers between 55 and 72 d after early June to early July plantings (Mead ARDC) and grain yields from 1370 to 2170 kg ha^–1 have been recorded. Yields of NPM-4 topcross hybrids on three seed parents averaged 89, 85, and 115% higher than NPM-4 in early, normal and late planting, respectively. Seed of NPM-4 is white to cream in color, and has obovate, hexagonal, and spherical shapes with a size range of 6.9-17.3 g 1000^–1 measured on individual panicles. NPM-4 has compact candle-shaped panicles with a range in size of 17 to 28 cm in length (21.7-cm mean length) and 2.1 to 3.5 cm in diameter and good panicle exertion. Anthers are yellow in color and shed pollen profusely. Insect and disease reaction of NPM-4 have not been determined. NPM-4 produces 1-2 tillers per plant, which are upright in habit at high and low planting densities. NPM-4 has value for direct use as an open-pollinated white grain germplasm for food grain production and as an A1 restorer germplasm for producing medium to medium-early maturing white grain hybrids. White to cream colored grain is preferred for producing more appealing food products. Limited yield performance tests of NPM-4 topcross hybrids indicate NPM-4 has good combining ability for grain yield with early to medium maturity white grain seed parents.

Seeds of NPM-4 are available for research purposes from the Department of Agronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The development of this germplasm was partially funded by USAID Grant No. DAN 1254-G-00-0021-00 through INTSORMIL by Program Support Grant No. AID-DSAN-XII

NOTES

Journal Article No. 14539 by Univ. of Nebraska Agric. Res. Div. Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication April 30, 2004.

REFERENCES

• Burton, G.W. 1958. Cytoplasmic male-sterility in pearl millet Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. Agron. J. 50:230.[Free Full Text]

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