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REGISTRATIONS OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Tsunami’ Kentucky Bluegrass

Simplot/Jacklin Seed, West 5300 Riverbend Ave., Post Falls, ID 83854-9499

^* Corresponding author (doug.brede{at}simplot.com)

‘Tsunami’ Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) (Reg. no. CV-80, PI 631452) is a turf-type cultivar released in November 2001 by J.R. Simplot Co., Jacklin Seed, Post Falls, ID. Experimental designations for Tsunami were 94-2478 and J-2478.

Tsunami originated as an apomictic, single-plant selection from hybrid 89-1032, created in the field at Post Falls in July 1989 using ‘Limousine’ (Alderson and Sharp, 1994) to pollinate plants of ‘Freedom’ (Jacklin et al., 1990). Seeds harvested from Freedom were sown in greenhouse flats and later transferred to a spaced-plant nursery during the spring of 1993. Progeny with characteristics dissimilar to Freedom were selected during maturation in the spring of 1994. Plant 94-2487 was differentiated from Freedom by vegetative turf characteristics before seedhead expression. It produced 29 g of seed per plant, which is above average for a typical bluegrass spaced plant in northern Idaho. Seed harvested from 94-2478 was tested in turf quality trials in Idaho in 1994, in Maryland in 1995, Ohio in 1996, and New Jersey in 1997.

Progeny apomixis trials were conducted in a spaced-plant nursery established near Post Falls in May 1997. Among 2297 Tsunami plants, 2.3% were variants in the vegetative (pre-heading) stage, 1% were heading maturity variants, 0.3% seedhead variants, 1.3% miniature plants, and 0.2% plants produced no inflorescences. In spaced-plant nurseries, Tsunami averaged 95% apomictic, but in commercial seed production, apomixis varied from 90 to 99%, depending on weather and year. Approximately 1% of Tsunami plants are variants with upright growth and panicles similar to Limousine. Approximately 1% of plants have distinctly earlier maturity. Most variants are shorter than the majority form and may not express themselves in row plantings. Aberrant plants are rogued from seedstock fields, but they will continue to be expressed in each generation due to the facultative apomictic nature of Kentucky bluegrass.

Tsunami was tested in the 2000 National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) trials for Kentucky bluegrass (Morris, 2002, 2003). In the trial, Tsunami exhibited a dark green genetic color, medium-fine leaf texture, good seedling vigor, resistance to close mowing (25 mm) and traffic stress, good shear strength/traction, and it produced few seed stalks in mowed turf. Tsunami exhibited good resistance to leafspot [caused by Drechslera poae (Baudys) Shoem], summer patch (caused by Magnaporthe poae Landschoot and Jackson), leaf rust (caused by Puccinia coronata Corda var. coronata), brown patch (caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn), and encroachment of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.).

In 5 yr of commercial seed production, Tsunami has demonstrated the potential for high yields of quality seed, relative freedom from ergot [caused by Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul.], and no adverse reactions to labeled Kentucky bluegrass pesticides.

Tsunami is recommended for golf course tees, fairways, and roughs, and for lawns, parks, and sports turf, in full sun or some shade, in areas where Kentucky bluegrass is well adapted for turf. It is compatible in blends and mixtures with other cool-season turfgrasses at mowing heights as low as 13 mm.

First Breeder seed was produced in 1999 and first Certified seed in 2001. Breeder seed is maintained by J.R. Simplot Co., Jacklin Seed, with seed increase limited to one generation each of Foundation, Registered, and Certified. U.S. Plant Variety Protection application no. 200200211 has been filed for Tsunami.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication April 30, 2004.

REFERENCES

• Alderson, J., and W.C. Sharp. 1994. Grass varieties in the United States. USDA-SCS Agric. Handbook 170. U.S. Gov. Print. Office, Washington, DC.
• Jacklin, A.W., A.D. Brede, L.A. Brilman, R.W. Duell, and C.R. Funk. 1990. Registration of ‘Freedom’ Kentucky bluegrass. Crop Sci. 30:1356.[Free Full Text]
• Morris, K.N. 2002. National Kentucky bluegrass test. NTEP No. 02-1, 2001 Progress Report. National Turfgrass Evaluation Program. USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD.
• Morris, K.N. 2003. National Kentucky bluegrass test. NTEP No. 03-2, 2002 Progress Report. National Turfgrass Evaluation Program. USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD.

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