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a USDA-ARS, 1301 N. Western, Stillwater, OK 74075
b Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078
c Retired, Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078
* Corresponding author (Do.Mornhinweg{at}ars.usda.gov)
‘Post 90’ barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-312, PI 549081) is a winter feed barley developed cooperatively by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in 1991. Post 90 is a composite of greenbug (Schizaphis graminum Rond.) resistant plant selections from the cultivar Post. Post (Edwards et al., 1985), released by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station in 1977, is a high yielding, widely adapted, winter feed barley reported to be resistant to all then known greenbug biotypes B, C, and E (Webster and Starks, 1984). Greenbug resistance is derived from a parent ‘Will’ (Jackson and Schelhuber, 1965), which was reported to carry the greenbug resistance gene Grb (Gardenhire et al., 1973) later renamed Rsgla (Merkle et al., 1987). Post, used extensively in greenbug biotyping studies (Puterka et al., 1988), was found heterogeneous for greenbug resistance. Post 90 is a composite of 105 Post plants that were selected for homozygous resistance to biotype C. Post 90 was assigned the experimental number OK82850 and is equivalent to Post for yield, test weight, and straw strength. It is more uniform in height, spike size, and maturity.
Post 90 is a short-strawed, six-rowed, rough-awned barley with mid- to late-season maturity. Early plant growth is semiprostrate when fall-seeded. Spikes are short and dense with rachis internodes approximately 2 mm in length and edged with few hairs. Glumes are partially covered with long hairs and are approximately one-half the length of the lemma. Lemma awns are long and glume awns are longer than glumes. The covered kernels have a white aleurone and have a few lemma teeth on the lateral and marginal nerves. Rachilla hairs are short and hulls are slightly to semi-wrinkled. Post 90 is 2 cm shorter in stature than Post. Post 90 is adapted statewide in Oklahoma and also to some environments in the western, north western, eastern, and north eastern USA. It has been evaluated in replicated performance trials from 1983 to 1990 both in Oklahoma and in the Uniform Winter Barley Nursery at 17 locations across the barley growing areas of the USA and Canada. Average yields (22 station years) are 3961 kg ha–1 for Post 90 and 3972 kg ha–1 for Post. Test weight was 612.6 kg m–3 and heading date was 34 d after March 31 for both Post and Post 90. The average height of Post 90 and Post was 78 cm and 80 cm, respectively, and Post 90 exhibits good straw quality and winter hardiness. Post 90 is more homogeneous for greenbug resistance, height, spike size, and maturity than Post. A recent 4-yr study conducted at one location in Oklahoma from 1996 through 1999 showed Post 90 to be competitive in terms of yield and test weight with 10 other currently grown winter barley cultivars from across the USA. Post 90 was ranked third in grain yield and first in test weight.
Rslga in Post 90 has recently been reported to confer resistant to all currently known greenbug biotypes, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K, CWR, and WWG (Anstead et al., 2003) except biotype H. In 1983, Barley yellow dwarf virus infestations were severe at four of the 17 locations of the Uniform winter Barley Nursery. Post 90 exhibited a high level of tolerance to Barley yellow dwarf virus with a rating of 2.5 on a scale of 0 to 9, where 0 = immune and 9 = severe infestation.
Breeders seed of Post 90 will be maintained by the Oklahoma Agric. Exp. Stn. Foundation seed will be available from the Oklahoma Foundation Seed Stocks, Inc., Plant and Soil Sciences Dep., Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078. Seed has also been deposited in the National Seed Storage Laboratory, Ft. Collins, CO.
NOTES
Accepted for publication April 30, 2004.
REFERENCES
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