| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
J.R. Simplot Co./Jacklin Seed, W. 5300 Riverbend Ave., Post Falls, ID 83854
* Corresponding author (susan.samudio{at}simplot.com)
‘Extreme’ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) (Reg. no. CV-235, PI 634336), a diploid (2n = 2x = 14) turf-type cultivar was released Sept. 2000 by J.R. Simplot Co., Jacklin Seed, Post Falls, ID. Extreme was evaluated under the experimental designation JR-317.
Extreme was developed from the progenies of 11 maternal clones: 27% from ‘Allaire’ (Alderson and Sharp, 1994), 18% ‘Palmer II’ (Hurley et al., 1991), 18% PI 231590, 12% ‘Advent’ (Samudio et al., 1997b), 9% ‘APM’ (Samudio et al., 1997a), 9% ‘Brightstar’ (Rose-Fricker et al., 1995), 5% ‘Cutter’, and 2% ‘Gator’ (Funk et al., 1984).
Two of the parental clones in Extreme trace to progeny of an open-pollinated (OP) selection, 91-0143, made in 1991 from progeny of PI 231590. In 1992, progeny from this selection and others were moved to an isolated polycross of 13 plants. Seed was harvested from individual plants in the polycross and planted in turfgrass performance trials in Post Falls. This process was repeated in 1994, with sprigs being removed from superior progeny plots and planted in a Post Falls spaced-plant nursery. In 1995, selections were made from the nursery and moved to a polycross of 32 plants, all of medium-late maturity. Plants were individually harvested and seed was planted in a turf trial at Poolesville, MD, in 1995.
One parental clone was selected out of an APM spaced-plant block in Oregon, and its progeny were planted in a Post Falls spaced-plant nursery in 1994. In 1995, a plant was selected from the progeny and moved to a 21-plant polycross; the components of which were individually harvested and planted in a turf trial at Poolesville, MD, in 1995.
Three parental clones tracing to selections from a spaced planting of Allaire and one clone tracing to a selection from Advent in a 1989 Post Falls nursery were moved to a polycross of 272 plants. Seed from each plant was harvested separately, and progeny were planted in a spaced-plant nursery in 1991. In 1992, desirable plants were selected and moved to polycrosses. Their progeny were planted in turf trials in Idaho in 1992 and in Maryland in 1995.
One parental clone was derived from a cross of a selection from Gator pollinated by a selection from Advent made in the greenhouse in 1992. Its progeny were planted in a spaced-plant nursery at Post Falls in 1992. In 1993, a plant was selected from these progeny and moved to the greenhouse during the winter where it was used to pollinate a plant selected from Cutter. Progeny from this cross were planted in a nursery at Post Falls in 1994. In 1994, an OP plant was selected from this nursery, and its progeny were planted in a turf trial at Poolesville in 1995.
Two parental clones were derived from a cross of Palmer II/Brightstar made in the greenhouse. Progeny from this cross were planted in a nursery at Post Falls in 1994, and two selections from this nursery subsequently were moved to a polycross block. One remaining clone was selected from a spaced-plant block of Palmer II in 1993. Its OP progeny were planted in a Post Falls nursery in 1994. In 1995, a selection from the progeny was moved to a polycross block. All plants in the polycross were individually harvested, and their seed was planted in a turf trial at Poolesville in 1995.
In May 1996, plugs were removed from superior turf plots in the 1995 Poolesville turf trials and transferred to greenhouse flats at Post Falls. A subsample of each line was screened for the presence of a fungal endophyte [Neotyphodium lolii (Latch, Christensen, and Samuels) Glenn, Bacon, Price and Hanlin], and five of the eleven lines were infected. In July 1996, 2150 plants (
200 from each of the 11 progenies) were transplanted into an isolated spaced-plant block near Post Falls. The block was selected for uniformity, with 20% of the plants removed before anthesis in 1998, based on lighter color, noticeable anthocyanin in the leaves, coarser leaves, reduced seed head initiation, winter damage, or susceptibility to leaf spot [caused by Drechslera siccans (H. siccans Drechs.) (teleomorph Pyrenophora lolii Dovaston)] or stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers:Pers). Breeder seed was selectively harvested from the five endophyte-infected lines in 1998.
Morphological measurements were taken at Post Falls on Extreme. Initial anthesis ranged from 13 to 22 June. Mean mature plant height ranged from 62.3 to 65.2 cm, and mean flag leaf height ranged from 28.2 to 29.6 cm. ‘Caddieshack’ (Samudio and Brede, 2001) is most similar to Extreme in the field, but Extreme is later in maturity than Caddieshack.
Extreme was entered in the 1999 National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) perennial ryegrass test, where it exhibited medium-fine leaf texture; good spring and winter density; and good spring, summer, and fall living ground cover (Morris, 2001, 2002, 2003). In these trials, Extreme displayed moderate to good resistance to pink snow mold [caused by Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels & I.C. Hallett], melting out (caused by Drechslera spp.), and red thread [caused by Laetisaria fuciformis (McAlpine) Burdsall]. Extreme also maintained favorable living ground cover after traffic treatments in Missouri (Morris, 2001; 2002; 2003).
Extreme was developed for year-round turf on lawns, golf course fairways and roughs, industrial sites, and parks in areas where perennial ryegrass is adapted for turf. Extreme can be used in blends and mixtures with other cool-season grasses. Extreme showed excellent turf quality in winter overseeding trials with College of the Desert, Palm Desert, CA (J. Place, 2002, unpublished data), exhibited good establishment and dark-green color, but was one of the slowest to transition. It is recommended for overseeding of dormant warm-season grasses.
Breeder seed is maintained by J.R. Simplot Co./Jacklin Seed at Post Falls. Seed production of Extreme is limited to three generations, one each of Foundation, Registered, and Certified. United States Plant Variety Protection for Extreme has not been filed.
NOTES
Accepted for publication March 31, 2004.
REFERENCES
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S.H. Samudio and A.D. Brede Registration of 'Monterey II' Perennial Ryegrass Crop Sci., September 1, 2004; 44(5): 1877 - 1878. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| The SCI Journals | Agronomy Journal | Vadose Zone Journal | |||
| Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education |
Soil Science Society of America Journal | ||||
| Journal of Plant Registrations | Journal of Environmental Quality |
The Plant Genome | |||
