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a USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Lab., P.O. Box 5677, Fargo, ND 58105
b Dep. of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5501
* Corresponding author (millerjf{at}fargo.ars.usda.gov)
Two oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic stock composites were developed and released by the USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND, the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS, and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND, in 2002; SURES-1 (Reg. no. GS-28, PI 633749) and SURES-2 (Reg. no. GS-29, PI 633750). SURES-1 is an oilseed maintainer genetic stock composite and SURES-2 is an oilseed restorer genetic stock composite. The genetic stocks are available for use by the sunflower industry and public researchers to create hybrids, parental lines, or germplasm lines with resistance to the sulfonylurea herbicide tribenuron [ethyl 2-[[[[(4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl) amino]carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl] benzoate]. The herbicide tribenuron controls many broadleaf weeds, which cause economic losses to sunflower producers in the USA.
SURES-1 is an F3–derived F4 oilseed maintainer genetic stock obtained from the cross HA 424/3/HA 406//HA 89/SU Res. wild H. annuus. HA 424 (PI 618728) was released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in 1999 (Miller and Vick, 2002). HA 406 (PI 597370) was released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in 1993 (Miller and Gulya, 1997). HA 89 (PI 599773) is an oilseed maintainer line released by the USDA-ARS and the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station in 1971. Plants of a wild H. annuus population collected in Kansas were screened for resistance to the sulfonylurea herbicide, chlorsulfuron [2-chloro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) aminocarbonyl] benzenesulfonamide]. Resistant plants were grown in the greenhouse at Kansas State University during the fall of 1998, and pollen was collected. The pollen was transferred to the USDA-ARS Sunflower Genetics Project, Fargo, ND, in the spring of 1999, and was used to pollinate the line HA 89. Approximately 12 d after pollination, embryos were collected and cultured to obtain plants. When the F1 plants reached the V6 plant stage (Schneiter and Miller, 1981), they were treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 2x (0.24 g L–1) labeled rate for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. At flowering, the resistant F1 plants were sibmated to produce F2 seed. The F2 seeds were planted in the field nursery at Fargo, ND, during the summer of 1999 where they were treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 2x labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. At flowering, pollen was collected from resistant plants that did not have dominant branching and lacked anthocyanin pigmentation. The pollen was used to cross to HA 406. The F1 plants were grown in the 1999 fall greenhouse, where they were treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 1x labeled rate (0.12 g L–1) at the V6 plant stage. The 1x rate was used in greenhouse experiments due to increased sensitivity of plants to the herbicide under greenhouse conditions. Pollen was collected from resistant plants and crossed with HA 424, a high-oleic fatty acid selection. The F1 plants were grown in the 2000 spring greenhouse, and treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 1x labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. Resistant plants were self-pollinated to produce F2 seed. The F2 seeds were planted in the field nursery at Fargo, ND, during the summer of 2000 and treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 2x labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. Resistant plants were identified and self-pollinated. Five F3 plants derived from each self-pollinated F2 plant were grown in the 2001 spring greenhouse, and treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 1x labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. Only F3 plants homozygous for resistance to tribenuron were selected and self-pollinated. Seed from the F3 plants was composited to form the genetic stock SURES-1.
SURES-2 is an F3–derived F4 oilseed restorer genetic stock obtained from the cross RHA 377/3/RHA 392//RHA 376/SU Res. wild H. annuus. RHA 377 (PI 560145) was released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in 1990 (Miller, 1992). RHA 392 (PI 603988) was released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in 1993 (Miller and Gulya, 1999). RHA 376 (PI 560144) was released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in 1990 (Miller, 1992). Pollen collected from chlorsulfuron resistant wild H. annuus plants at Kansas State University was used to pollinate the line RHA 376. Approximately 12 d after pollination, embryos were collected and cultured to obtain plants. When the F1 plants reached the V6 plant stage, they were treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 2x (0.24 g L–1) labeled rate for soybean. At flowering, the resistant F1 plants were sib-mated to produce F2 seed. The F2 seeds were planted in the field nursery at Fargo, ND, in the summer of 1999 and were treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 2x labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. At flowering, pollen was collected from resistant plants that did not have dominant branching and lacked anthocyanin pigmentation. The pollen was used to cross to RHA 392. The F1 plants were grown in the 1999 fall greenhouse, and were treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 1x (0.12 g L–1) labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. Pollen was collected from resistant plants and crossed with the branched restorer line. The F1 plants were grown in the 2000 spring greenhouse, and treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 1x rate at the V6 plant stage. Resistant plants were self-pollinated to produce F2 seed. The F2 seeds were planted in the field nursery at Fargo, ND, during the summer of 2000 and treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 2x labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. Resistant plants were identified and self-pollinated. Five F3 plants derived from each F2 self-pollinated plant were grown in the 2001 spring greenhouse, and treated with tribenuron dispersed in water at the 1x labeled rate at the V6 plant stage. Only F3 plants homozygous for resistance to tribenuron were selected and self-pollinated. Seed from the F3 plants was composited to form the genetic stock SURES-2.
Limited quantities of seed of each genetic stock are available from the Seedstocks Project, Dep. of Plant Sciences, Loftsgard Hall, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105. We ask that appropriate recognition be made if these germplasms contribute to the development of a new hybrid, breeding line, or germplasm. U.S. Plant Variety Protection will not be requested for SURES-1 or SURES-2.
NOTES
Contribution no. 03-313-J Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn., KSU, Manhattan, KS 66506-4008. Registration by CSSA.
Accepted for publication October 31, 2003.
REFERENCES
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  J. Hu, J.F. Miller, and B.A. Vick Registration of a Tricotyledon Sunflower Genetic Stock Crop Sci., November 21, 2006; 46(6): 2734 - 2735. [Full Text] [PDF]
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