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REGISTRATIONS OF GERMPLASMS

Registration of aromatic se Rice Germplasm

USDA-ARS, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, P.O. Box 1090, Stuttgart, AR 72160

^* Corresponding author (jnrutger{at}spa.ars.usda.gov)

The ARS-USDA released aromatic se (Reg. no. GP-87, PI 632283) rice (Oryza sativa L.) in February 2002. The aromatic se germplasm was developed at Stuttgart, AR, as a semidwarf (s), early maturing (e) recombinant from a cross between a semidwarf mutant, PI 457917 (experimental designation DM 107-4), and PI 429861, an early maturing mutant released in Pakistan as the cultivar Kashmir Basmati (Awan, 1984). Both mutants were induced from the tall, late maturing, aromatic Basmati 370 cultivar, as part of a Pakistan PL-480 project completed in 1984. In previous genetic studies, Awan (1984) indicated that each of the individual characters, semidwarfism and early maturity, was recessive in nature. Awan and Cheema (1999) later reported that DM 107-4 has a dwarfing gene nonallelic to the Deo-Geo-Woo-Gen semidwarfing source. The aromatic se germplasm retains the aroma and cooking quality of the Basmati 370 source. The germplasm is expected to be useful in breeding semidwarf, early maturing, aromatic rices adapted to the USA.

The cross between the semidwarf, late maturing PI 457917 and the tall, early maturing PI 429861 was made at Stuttgart in winter 1996-1997, and the F₁ transplanted to the field in 1997. In an F₂ generation of over 2000 plants grown in 1998, an estimated one fourth of the population was semidwarf, a similar proportion was as early maturing as the PI 429861 parent and about 1/16 recombined both semidwarfism and early maturity. Over 100 putative semidwarf, early maturing F₂ plants were selected for F₃ progeny tests at Stuttgart in 1999. The selections were uniform for semidwarfism but minor segregation for maturity was still evident. Most lines flowered within 2 to 3 d of the early parent, PI 429861, which flowers about 100 d after planting at Stuttgart. The F₄ generation of 66 lines was grown in the 1999-2000 winter nursery, and the F₅ in the 2000 Stuttgart summer nursery. Fifty-two F₆ lines were selected in the 2000-2001 winter nursery and were reduced to 17 lines in the F₇ generation at Stuttgart in 2001. These 17 lines were grown in a small-plot yield test of four replications, plot size of six rows, 1.2 m long, 0.3 m apart, with the center two rows harvested. The tall, early parent, PI 429861, was included, but not the semidwarf parent which flowers too late to set seed in the field in Arkansas. Yield of the recombinants ranged from 3180 to 4710 kg ha^–1, compared to 5880 kg ha^–1 of the tall parent. The tall parent, which was about 160 cm tall, lodged severely a few days before harvest while the semidwarf early maturing recombinants, which were about 110 cm tall, remained erect. Length of 10 dehulled grains of each of the 17 lines ranged from 6.70 to 7.12 mm, compared to 7.06 mm for the tall, early, parent. For comparison, grain length of nine Basmati 370 accessions acquired from the National Small Grains Collection, but not grown at Stuttgart in 2001, ranged from 6.07 to 6.83 mm. Seeds of the 17 recombinant lines were bulked to form the germplasm release aromatic se. In tests for presence of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a major component of aroma, aromatic se was similar to the early maturing parent, PI 429861, and with imported basmati rice purchased in Arkansas markets. Amylose contents of aromatic se and PI 429861 were 200 g kg^–1, and both were intermediate gel types.

Germplasm amounts (5 g) of aromatic se may be obtained by writing to J. Neil Rutger, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 1090, Stuttgart, AR 72160. Seed of aromatic se also will be placed in the National Small Grains Collection, USDA-ARS, 1691 South 2700 West, Aberdeen, ID 83210, where it is available for research purposes, including development and commercialization of new cultivars. If this germplasm contributes to the development of new cultivars it is requested that appropriate recognition be given to the source.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication June 30, 2003.

REFERENCES

• Awan, M.A. 1984. Development of early maturing and short statured varieties of rice through the use of induced mutations. Final Technical Report, PL-480 Project PK-ARS-117. Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
• Awan, M.A., and A.A. Cheema. 1999. Improving basmati rice through induced mutation. p. 122. In Proc International Symposium on Rice Germplasm Evaluation and Enhancement. Arkansas Agric. Exp. Stn. Special Report 195.

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