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REGISTRATIONS OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Bolivar’ Rice

^a USDA-ARS, 1509 Aggie Dr., Beaumont, TX 77713-8530
^b Borlaug Center for Southern Crop Improvement, Dep. Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843

^* Corresponding author (amcclung{at}ag.tamu.edu)

‘Bolivar’ rice (Oryza sativa L.) (Reg. no. CV-116, PI 628791), an early-maturing, long-grain cultivar with improved disease resistance and superior parboiling and canning quality, was developed at the Texas A&M Univ. System Agric. Res. & Ext. Ctr. at Beaumont, TX, by the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., the Texas Rice Improvement Assoc., and the Texas Rice Res. Foundation. Bolivar was officially released in 2001 by the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the Agric. Exp. Stn. of Texas A&M Univ., the Univ. of Arkansas, Louisiana State Univ., and Mississippi State University.

Bolivar was developed from the cross ‘Gulfmont’*2/‘Te Qing’ (cross no. B8911A9) produced at Beaumont in 1989. Gulfmont is an early maturing, semidwarf cultivar with excellent main crop yield and milling quality that was released in 1986 (Bollich et al., 1990a). Te Qing (PI 536047) is a high yielding medium grain cultivar from China that possesses high amylose content and firm cooking quality that is typical of indica long grains. When grown in the southern USA, Te Qing has been characterized as having high yield potential, medium height, relatively late maturity, and excellent resistance to rice blast disease (caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc. = P. oryzae Cavara) and sheath blight disease (caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn). Bolivar was developed by the pedigree breeding method and was entered into the 1995 Uniform Regional Rice Nurseries under the designation RU9503012 using a bulk of F₁₀ breeding rows.

Bolivar has grain dimensions intermediate to the long grain cultivars Cypress and Dixiebelle (Table 1). Bolivar has a relatively wide kernel which will result in a bold grain appearance that is considered desirable in some products. The endosperm of Bolivar is nonglutinous, nonaromatic, and covered by a light brown pericarp. Bolivar has 2 to 3% higher apparent amylose content (240–250 g kg^–1) and a significantly higher amylographic viscosity (hot paste and cool paste) than conventional U.S. long-grain types. DNA marker analysis (Bergman et al., 2001) has confirmed that these cooking qualities are due to inheritance of the Te Qing allele of the granule bound starch synthase gene in Bolivar. These grain characteristics are indicative of the superior parboiling and canning quality that is found in Dixiebelle and ‘Rexmont’ (Bollich et al., 1990b; McClung et al., 1998). Bolivar has an intermediate gelatinization temperature (70–75°C), as indicated by alkali spreading values of 3 to 5 in a 17 g kg^–1 KOH solution.

Bolivar has a semidwarf plant type (95 cm mature plant height) that is similar to Cypress (94 cm) but taller than Dixiebelle (87 cm). At maturity, the spikelet and apiculus are tawny-colored and awnless. Plants have erect tillers, and the leaves, lemma, and palea are glabrous. Average number of days to 50% flowering (75) and days to harvest (109) are very similar to Jefferson. Seedling vigor is similar to Jefferson and is less vigorous than Cypress.

In 41 statewide and regional tests conducted during 1996 to 2000, average grain yield (120 g kg^–1 moisture) of Bolivar was 7066 kg ha^–1, compared with 7626, 7661, 8044, and 7449 kg ha^–1 for Jefferson, Gulfmont, Cypress, and Dixiebelle, respectively. Compared with other commercial cultivars in these trials, the milling yield (mg g^–1 whole milled kernels: mg g^–1 total milled rice) of Bolivar (533:701) was lower than Gulfmont (576:704) and Dixiebelle (590:691).

Taller variants (2–4 cm) were removed from the Breeder seed field; the total number of variants was <1 per 5000 plants. U.S. Plant Variety Protection of Bolivar has been applied for (PVP 200200095). Breeder seed of Bolivar will be maintained by the Texas A&M University System Agric. Res. & Ext. Ctr. at Beaumont. Foundation seed will be available from the Texas Rice Improvement Association, 1509 Aggie Dr., Beaumont, TX 77713-8530. Limited quantities of seed will be available on request from the corresponding author for at least 5 yr. Recipients of seed are asked to make appropriate recognition of source of Bolivar if it is used in the development of a new cultivar, germplasm, parental line, or genetic stock.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication June 30, 2003.

REFERENCES

• Bergman, C.J., J.T. Delgado, A.M. McClung, and R.G. Fjellstrom. 2001. An improved method for using a microsatellite in the rice waxy gene to determine amylose class. Cereal Chem. 78:257–260.
• Bollich, C.N., B.D. Webb, M.A. Marchetti, and J.E. Scott. 1990a. Registration of ‘Gulfmont’ rice. Crop Sci. 30:1159–1160.[Free Full Text]
• Bollich, C.N., B.D. Webb, M.A. Marchetti, and J.E. Scott. 1990b. Registration of ‘Rexmont’ rice. Crop Sci. 30:1160.[Free Full Text]
• Fjellstrom, R., A. McClung, A.R. Shank, M.A. Marchetti, C. Bormans, and W.D. Park. 2002. Progress on development of microsatellite markers associated with rice blast resistance genes. p. 43–44. In Proc. 29th Rice Tech. Working Group. Little Rock, AR. 24–27 Feb. 2002. Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Crowley, LA.
• McClung, A.M., M.A. Marchetti, B.D. Webb, and C.N. Bollich. 1998. Registration of ‘Dixiebelle’ rice. Crop Sci. 38:898.[Free Full Text]

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