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REGISTRATIONS OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Abilene’ Rapeseed

C.L. Rife^*,a, D.L. Auld^b, H.C. Minor^c, W.F. Heer^,d, D.D. Baltensperger^e, L.A. Nelson^f and D. Bordovsky^g

^a Dep. of Agronomy, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506
^b Dep. of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX 79409
^c Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
^d South Central Exp. Field, Kansas State Univ., Hutchinson, KS 67501
^e Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska, Panhandle Res.-Ext. Ctr., Scottsbluff, NE 69361
^f Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583
^g Texas A&M Univ., Ag. Res.-Ext. Ctr., Vernon, TX, 76384

^* Corresponding author, (crife{at}oznet.ksu.edu)

‘Abilene’ winter rapeseed [Brassica napus L. subsp. oleifera (Metzg.) Sinsk. f. biennis] (Reg. no. CV-21, PI 632400) was developed by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2002. Abilene has an edible quality oil (canola) and low glucosinolates in the meal.

Abilene was selected from the cross ‘Indore’/‘Sipal’//‘Liraglu’/3/‘Bienvenu’. Indore is a low glucosinolate industrial cultivar developed by Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station (Calhoun et al., 1983). Sipal is a low erucic acid rapeseed with high glucosinolates developed by the Swedish Seed Association (Svalöv, Sweden). Liraglu is a low glucosinolate, winter hardy cultivar developed by Deutsche Saatveredelung (Lippstadt, Germany). Bienvenu is a low erucic acid, high glucosinolate cultivar developed by Ringot Seed Co. (France). The final cross was made in 1987 at the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station at Moscow, ID. Abilene was selected from MO503-1, an F₅–derived population developed from this cross at Columbia, MO. A total of 231 single plants from this population were grown in isolation in the greenhouse in Manhattan, KS, in 1996. Seed from these plants was screened to identify low glucosinolate content by the Tes-tape method (Lein, 1970). Seed from low glucosinolate plants was tested to isolate plants with low erucic acid in the oil. Thirty-two lines derived from these single plants were evaluated in the field at four locations in the Great Plains in 1997-1998 and 13 lines were evaluated at 11 locations in 1998-1999. Abilene was evaluated as KSM3-1-124 in the National Winter Canola Trials at 24 locations in 1999-2000, 15 locations in 2000-2001, and 24 locations in 2001-2002.

The black seed of Abilene is low in erucic acid (average of 9 g kg^-1 in the oil) and glucosinolates (average of 14.7 µmol g^-1 in the oil-free meal). Mean yield of Abilene in the Great Plains region (21 locations) was 1607 kg ha^-1, or about 25 kg ha^-1 greater than ‘Wichita’ (Rife et al., 2001a, b, 2002, 2003). Yield of Abilene in the Midwest region (24 locations) was 2262 kg ha^-1, or about 84 kg ha^-1 greater than Wichita. Yield of Abilene in the Southeast region (18 locations) was 2206 kg ha^-1, or about 97 kg ha^-1 greater than Wichita. Winter hardiness of Abilene is similar to other cultivars released by Kansas State University. Mean survival of Abilene was 75.9% (38 locations in the Midwest and Great Plains). This compares to 68.1% for ‘Ceres’ (Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht, Germany), 76.8% for ‘Plainsman’ (Rife et al., 2000), and 78.2% for Wichita at the same locations.

Abilene is 1.2 d earlier than Wichita for 50% bloom date (104 d after January 1) and reaches maturity about the same time as Wichita (160 d after January 1). Abilene is 124 cm tall (0.7 cm taller than Wichita) and has an average total oil content of 370 g kg^-1 (about the same as Wichita). Abilene has better than average resistance to shattering (13.9%) and better than average tolerance to lodging (11.9%). Test weight was 589 kg m^-3 (7 kg m^-3 less than Wichita). Evaluation for tolerance to white mold [caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary] has been limited. Abilene's response to virulent blackleg [caused by Leptosphaeria maculans (Desmaz.) Ces. and De Not.] is similar to that of ‘Falcon’ (Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht, Germany), which is considered tolerant (Day et al., 2001, p. 17).

The application for U.S. Plant Variety Protection is pending. Seed increases will be limited to Foundation and Certified seed classes. Breeder and Foundation seed of Abilene will be maintained and distributed by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

(retired)

Accepted for publication April 30, 2003.

REFERENCES

• Calhoun, W., G.D. Jolliff, and J.M. Crane. 1983. Registration of ‘Indore’ Rapeseed. Crop Sci. 23:184–185.[Free Full Text]
• Day, J.L., P.L. Raymer, A.E. Coy, and P.A. Rose. 2001. Georgia 2000–2001 Canola Performance Tests. Georgia Agric. Exp. Stn. Res. Rep. no. 645.
• Lein, K.A. 1970. Methods for quantitative determination of seed glucosinolates of Brassica spp. and their application in plant breeding of rape low in glucosinolate content. Z. Pflanzenzuecht. 63:137–154.
• Rife, C., R. Aiken, D. Auld, R. Bacon, D. Baltensperger, B. Beans, U. Bishnoi, H. Bhardwaj, D. Bordovsky, E. Cebert, E. Christmas, S. Conley, P. Evans, R. Freed, R. Ivy, W. Heer, K. Janssen, J. Johnson, J. Johnson, J. Kelly, J. Long, D. C. Morris, L. Nelson, P. Raymer, R. Saunders, M. Schmidt, D. Starner, W. Weibold, and M. Witt. 2002. 2001 National Winter Canola Variety Trial. Dep. Rep. Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn., Manhattan.
• Rife, C., R. Aiken, R. Auld, R. Bacon, D. Baltensperger, U. Bishnoi, H. Bhardwaj, D. Bordovsky, E. Christmas, S. Conley, P. Evans, J. Fisher, R. Freed, W. Heer, K. Janssen, J. Johnson, J. Johnson, J. Kelly, J. Klein, R. Kochenower, J. Krall, K. Kusel, K. Larson, J. Long, L. Nelson, P. Raymer, M. Schmidt, F. Schweissing, R. Smoot, D. Starner, and M. Witt. 2003. 2002 National Winter Canola Variety Trial. Dep. Rep. Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn., Manhattan.
• Rife, C.L., D.L. Auld, H.D. Sunderman, W.F. Heer, D.D. Baltensperger, L.A. Nelson, D.L. Johnson, D. Bordovsky, and H.C. Minor. 2000. Registration of ‘Plainsman’ rapeseed. Crop Sci. 40:292–294.
• Rife, C.L., D.L. Auld, H.D. Sunderman, W.F. Heer, D.D. Baltensperger, L.A. Nelson, D.L. Johnson, D. Bordovsky, and H.C. Minor. 2001a. Registration of ‘Wichita’ rapeseed. Crop Sci. 41:263–264.[Free Full Text]
• Rife, C., W. Heer, K. Janssen, J. Long, P. Evans, R. Aiken, M. Witt, D. Auld, R. Bacon, D. Baltensperger, B. Beans, U. Bishnoi, H. Bhardwaj, D. Bordovsky, E. Christmas, L. Copeland, R. Ivy, D. Johnson, J. Kelly, C. Morris, L. Nelson, P. Raymer, R. Saunders, M. Schmidt, D. Starner, and W. Weibold. 2001b. 2000 National Winter Canola Variety Trial. Dep. Rep. Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn., Manhattan.

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