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REGISTRATIONS OF PARENTAL LINES

Registration of Tx802

Soil and Crop Sciences Dep., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-2474

^* Corresponding author (javier-betran{at}tamu.edu)

Tx802, a maize (Zea mays L.) parental line (Reg. no. PL-308, PI 619429), was released on May 2001 by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station at College Station, TX. This line was released based on its utility in producing high-yielding hybrids with high-lysine grain. It carries the opaque-2 mutation and has a hard flinty endosperm. The inbred is suitable for use as a parent in hybrid combinations with other quality protein maize (QPM) inbreds to produce high lysine yellow corn. The higher lysine and tryptophan content of Tx802 hybrids is effectively utilized by pigs for growth (Knabe et al., 1992) and reduces the needs of protein supplementation in feeding diets with QPM.

Tx802 was developed by pedigree breeding from Pob65 and has a pedigree of Pob65-2-1-2-1-1-B-#-B-B. Pob65 (Yellow Flint QPM) is a tropical/subtropical QPM population from CIMMYT with intermediate maturity, yellow semiflint kernels, and good resistance to common foliar diseases (CIMMYT, 1998). The initial self was made in 1985 at College Station, TX. Subsequent selections in the S₁ through S₅ selfing generations were made at College Station based on maturity, endosperm hardness, lodging, and plant characteristics. After S₅, the line has been increased either by sib mating or by bulk selfing.

Tx802 is yellow grained and has hard and high lysine endosperm. The line is classified as QPM (Vasal, 2000). It is adapted to southern U.S. areas and has an intermediate maturity, flowering 1 to 2 d later than B73 at College Station, TX. It flowers earlier than tropical and subtropical QPM inbreds. Tx802 ears are thin with 10 to 12 kernel rows and have white cobs and colorless pericarps (p-ww, p-ww). Kernels are yellow with a flint to semiflint endosperm texture. Plants average 125 cm in height and have low ear placement (38 cm from the soil surface). Tx802 has a low incidence of root and stalk lodging. Tx802 has small tassels and is an intermediate pollen shedder.

Tx802 has a lysine content of 4.5 g kg^-1 of grain, corresponding to 50% greater lysine content than standard non-QPM inbreds such as B104 (3.0 g kg^-1 of grain). The crude protein concentration averages 112.5 g kg^-1 of grain. The proportion of lysine over total protein is 40 g kg^-1 of protein, which is 45% greater than regular field corn. SDS-PAGE gel of zeins showed reduced -zein and a moderate increase in -zein for Tx802 relative to normal inbreds (Yau, 1995). The line has not been evaluated for reaction to aflatoxin or insect pests.

Tx802 has a good general combining ability, producing hybrids with high yield potential and desirable agronomic characteristics such as short plant type, low ear placement, early maturity, low moisture content at harvest, and low root and stalk lodging. Tx802 hybrids are susceptible to common smut [caused by Usitlago zeae (Beckm.) Unger = U. maydis (DC.) Corda] and Fusarium stalk rots. Tx802 showed excellent performance in combination with South African high lysine inbred Do940y (Gevers and Lake, 1992) and CIMMYT QPM inbreds CML194 and CML193 (CIMMYT, 1998).

Tx802 hybrids produced with other QPM inbreds have lysine contents 30 to 50% greater than those of standard corn. Tx802 QPM yellow hybrids yielded similar amounts of the major wet-milling products comparable with feed and food corn hybrids in studies conducted at Texas A&M by Gomez et al. (1992). The QPM hybrid-produced gluten with enhanced lysine composition and greater value for swine and poultry feeds. The QPM oil had a fatty acid composition similar to regular corns. The QPM starch had viscoamylograph and gelatinization properties similar to regular corn starches.

Seed of Tx802 will be maintained and distributed by the Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2474.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This research was supported in part by the Texas Corn Producers Board. We acknowledge the support of the Corn Breeding Program, Crop Testing Program, and Cereal Quality Lab staff involved in testing this line. CIMMYT provided the original parental QPM source for this line.

NOTES

Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication January 31, 2003.

REFERENCES

• CIMMYT. 1998. A complete listing of improved maize germplasm from CIMMYT. Maize Program Spec. Rep. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F.
• Gevers, H.O., and J.K. Lake. 1992. Development of modified Opaque-2 maize in South Africa. p. 49–78. In E.T. Mertz (ed.) Quality protein maize. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, MN.
• Gomez, M.H., S.O. Serna-Saldivar, J.I. Corujo, A.J. Bockholt, and L.W. Rooney. 1992. Wet milling properties of quality protein maize and regular corns. p. 239–260. In E.T. Mertz (ed.) Quality protein maize. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, MN.
• Knabe, D.A., J.S. Sullivan, and K.G. Burgoon. 1992. QPM as a swine feed. p. 225–238. In E.T. Mertz (ed.) Quality protein maize. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, MN.
• Vasal, S. 2000. High quality protein maize. p. 85–129. In A.R. Hallauer (ed.) Specialty corns. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
• Yau, J. 1995. Characterization of endosperm proteins in quality protein maize. Ph.D. diss. Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX.

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