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a North Florida Res. Education Center, Quincy, FL 32351
b USDA-ARS, Agronomy Dep., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
c West Florida Res. and Education Center, Jay, FL
* Corresponding author (ablount{at}mail.ifas.ufl.edu)
‘Hinson Long Juvenile’ soybean (Reg. no. CV-452, PI 629015) [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was developed by the University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station. It was released in July 2001 as a forage cultivar because of its unique long-juvenile trait, excellent seed quality, and high forage and seed yield in late plantings (i.e., after 1 July) when compared with cultivars of similar maturity (Blount et al., 2001). The term long-juvenile refers to delayed flowering and maturity under the short-day conditions associated with late planting. Genetic analysis suggests that the trait is controlled by a single recessive gene (Ray et al., 1995). The source of the long juvenile trait is PI 159925.
Hinson Long Juvenile, tested experimentally as F91-2161, is a F6 plant selection from ‘Gordon’ x F85-1138 (Boerma et al., 1985). F85-1138 is a Maturity Group (MG) VIII long-juvenile selection from a cross between ‘Will’ (MG III) and an experimental long-juvenile line with the pedigree [(‘Kirby’ x ‘Forrest’) x PI 159925)] (Bernard and Cremens, 1988; USDA-ARS National Genetic Resources Program, 2002; Hartwig and Epps, 1973). The population derived from Gordon x F85-1138 was advanced to the F6 generation by the single pod method (i.e., a variation of the single seed descent method (Brim, 1966) in which a single pod rather than a single seed is harvested per plant) at the North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL.
Hinson Long Juvenile was tested for seed yield in Florida and in state performance trials in Georgia in 1998 and 1999 (Day et al., 1999, 2000). When planted at the usually recommended dates for soybean (from May 15 to June 15), seed yield of Hinson Long Juvenile averaged 2170 kg ha-1 across eleven field trials compared with a mean test yield of 2264 kg ha-1. In a late-planted trial (17 July 1996) at Quincy, FL, Hinson Long Juvenile yielded 1761 kg ha-1 compared with 1539 and 840 kg ha-1 for ‘Cobb’ and ‘Maxcy’ (USDA-ARS National Genetic Resources Program, 2002; Shipe et al., 1995). In another late-planted (18 July 1997) yield trial at Quincy, FL, Hinson Long Juvenile yielded 2453 kg ha-1 compared with 2298 for Cobb and 1848 kg ha-1 for Maxcy. Hinson Long Juvenile was tested in late-planted forage trials at Quincy, FL, in 1998 and 1999. Forage yield of Hinson Long Juvenile averaged significantly (P < 0.05) higher forage dry weight (3844 kg h-1) compared with Cobb (2528 kg h-1) and ‘H7550RR’ (2684 kg h-1). Forage quality analysis from the 1998 and 1999 tests at Quincy resulted in 590 g kg-1 in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVOMD) and 150 g kg-1 crude protein (CP) values for Hinson Long Juvenile, compared with 620 g kg-1 IVOMD and 160 g kg-1 CP for Cobb and 640 g kg-1 IVOMD and 180 g kg-1 CP for H7550RR. All three cultivars were harvested at the same date for forage trials. Because of the delayed flowering associated with the long juvenile trait, however, Hinson Long Juvenile was harvested at the R3 stage of reproductive development (Fehr and Caviness, 1977) while Cobb and H7550RR were near the R5 stage. None of the cultivars experienced any leaf yellowing or leaf drop at the time of harvest. These physiological maturity differences improved the forage quality and yield of Cobb and H7550RR because of pod and seed contribution, although total forage yield was higher for Hinson Long Juvenile.
Hinson Long Juvenile has MG VIII maturity, averaging 3 to 10 d later than Maxcy and similar in maturity to Cobb when planted from mid-May to mid-June at latitudes 32° to 25°. In early to mid-July plantings at Quincy, FL, Hinson Long Juvenile matured 10 to 15 d later than Maxcy. Hinson Long Juvenile is best described as well adapted for late plantings where it has superior seed and foliage yield compared with soybean cultivars lacking the long-juvenile trait. It has a determinant growth habit, white flowers, and gray pubescence. Seeds are yellow with buff hila and shiny seed coat luster. Hinson Long Juvenile has excellent seed quality compared with Maxcy and Cobb, and is considered small seeded, averaging 11.4 and 17.2 g per 100 seed in early and in late-planted soybean compared with Maxcy, which averaged 14.4 and 18.6 in the same performance trials at Tifton, GA, in 1998 (Day et al., 1999). Hinson Long Juvenile averaged 930 mm in height at maturity compared with 500 mm for Cobb when planted in late July at Tifton in 1998 (James M. Woodruff, 1998, personal communication). Evaluation in regional and state testing has shown Hinson Long Juvenile to be moderately resistant to frog-eye leafspot (caused by Cercospora sojina K. Hara), southern stem canker [caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. f. sp. meridionalis Morgan-Jones], southern root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood] and peanut root-knot nematode [M. arenaria (Neal) Chitwood], and susceptible to races 3 and 9 of soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe).
Hinson Long Juvenile will be produced and maintained by the University of Florida, Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, and Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., Greenwood, FL. U.S. Plant Variety Protection will be sought. Small quantities of seed for research and breeding purposes may be obtained from the corresponding author for at least 5 yr from the date of this publication. Recipients of the seed are asked to make appropriate recognition of the source of Hinson Long Juvenile if it is used in the development of a new cultivar, germplasm, parental line or genetic stock.
NOTES
Contribution from the Florida Agric. Exp. Stn., Journal Paper no. R-08675. This research was supported by state and Hatch funds allocated to the Florida Agric. Exp. Stn. Registration by CSSA.
Accepted for publication February 28, 2003.
REFERENCES
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