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REGISTRATIONS OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘EMGOPA 201-Ouro’ Common Bean

^a Agência Rural-Anápolis, Caixa Postal 608, 75000-970 Anápolis, GO, Brazil
^b EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Caixa Postal 179, 75375-000, Santo Antonio de Goiás, GO, Brazil
^c Univ. Nacional de Colombia, A.A. 237, Palmira, Colombia
^d Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), A.A. 6713, Cali, Colombia
^e USDA-ARS-PSI, Vegetable Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
^f Colorado State Univ., Dep. of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177, USA
^g Univ. of Idaho, Kimberly Research and Extension Center, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA

^* Corresponding author (singh{at}kimberly.uidaho.edu)

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar EMGOPA 201-Ouro (Reg. no. CV-205, PI 632406) was released by the Empresa Goiana de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMGOPA), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil, in 1984.

EMGOPA 201-Ouro has I gene resistance to bean common mosaic virus (BCMV, a potyvirus). The cultivar is also moderately resistant to angular leaf spot [ALS, caused by Phaeoisariopsis griseola (Sacc.) Ferraris], five races of the anthracnose pathogen [Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams.-Scrib.] (including races Alpha and Delta in the USA), common bacterial blight [caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye], race 2 of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Burkh.) causing halo blight, some races of the bean rust pathogen Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.:Pers.) Unger (including races 38 and 53 in the USA), and powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe polygoni DC). EMGOPA 201-Ouro was among the first common bean cultivars developed by breeding with resistance to multiple diseases.

EMGOPA 201-Ouro was previously tested under the experimental designation ‘A 295’. A 295 was developed from the single cross population BZ 73 with the pedigree A 30/Aete 1/37 at the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia. A 30 was selected at CIAT from an interracial double cross population: ‘Veranic 2’ (synonym G 3709 and PI 345582)/‘Tlalnepantla 64’ (synonym G 1320 and PI 207262)//‘Jamapa’ (synonym G 3645 and PI 268110)/‘Tara’ (synonym G 5478 and PI 549888) made by Dr. Guillermo Hernandez Bravo in the early 1970s. A 30 has small (<25 g per 100 seed) beige seed that are slightly darker than EMGOPA 201-Ouro. In favorable environments, the fully-grown plants have a Type III growth habit with small vines (Singh, 1982). The reaction of A 30 to diseases is similar to those of EMGOPA 201-Ouro. Aete 1/37 (synonym G 13497) was developed by Dr. A. S. Pompeu at the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Aete 1/37 has a Type III growth habit, small cream seed, and I gene resistance to BCMV. All parental genotypes except Tara belong to common bean race Mesoamerica (Singh et al., 1991). Tara derives its common bacterial blight resistance from the great northern landrace Montana-5 and it has characteristics of the Mexican highland race Durango. Thus, A 295 seems to derive its resistance to most of the diseases from PI 207262 and Tara through A 30.

The pedigree method of selection was practiced in population BZ 73 from F₂ to F₈, and seeds from 23 plants were bulked together to form the first seed stock of A 295. The F₃, F₅, and F₆ were evaluated at CIAT-Popayán, Colombia [soil was fine loamy, mixed, isothermic, Typic (Andic) Dystrandepts (Inceptisols), with pH of 4.3; mean growing temperature of 18°C; elevation 1750 m; and 2000 mm annual rainfall], and all other generations were grown at CIAT-Palmira, Colombia [soil was fine silty, mixed, isohypothermic Aquic Hapludolls, with pH 7.5; mean growing temperature of 24°C; elevation 1000 m; and 1000-mm annual rainfall]. Nurseries at CIAT-Popayán were inoculated two to three times during the growing season with a mixture of isolates (collected locally in the previous cropping seasons) that cause ALS and anthracnose. The reaction to ALS and anthracnose were verified in the greenhouse using the same mixture of pathogen isolates that were used in the fields at CIAT-Popayán. In addition, the bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) strain NL-3 was used for greenhouse evaluations at CIAT-Palmira to determine the presence of the I gene.

EMGOPA 201-Ouro has an indeterminate growth habit Type III with a small vine. It has small (23 g per 100 seed), opaque, light beige seed. Flowers are white with chordate bracteoles. EMGOPA 201-Ouro flowered in 38 d and matured in 74 d at CIAT-Palmira. In Goiás, Brazil, on average, it matured in 90 d. Because EMGOPA 201-Ouro is partially sensitive to a long photoperiod (a score of 7 on a 1 to 9 scale, where 1 = insensitive or day-neutral, and 9 = highly sensitive), it may flower and mature late (taking >100 d) in the USA and Canada.

In comparative yield trials during 1982 to 1984 at several locations across the three planting seasons annually in Goiás, Brazil, EMGOPA 201-Ouro produced higher yields than ‘Carioca’ by an average of 14%. Thus, because of its high and consistent seed yields, resistance to multiple diseases, excellent cooking qualities, and expanding production, a nontraditional new market class Jalinho was created for EMGOPA 201-Ouro in Brazil. Since its release in Goiás in 1984, EMGOPA 201-Ouro's production expanded during 1984 to 1998 to 11 states all across Brazil (Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, the Federal District, Espírito Santo, Mato Gross do Norte, Mato Groso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe, and Tocantins). At the peak of its expansion, EMGOPA 201-Ouro occupied >250000 ha in Brazil. Even after 18 yr since its release, EMGOPA 201-Ouro is still grown in eight Brazilian states. It also was released as ‘Mantequilla Mairana’ in Bolivia in 1992.

A small quantity of seed of EMGOPA 201-Ouro is available from the corresponding author. Seed can also be requested from LOS, Agência Rural-Anápolis, Caixa Postal 608, 75000-970 Anápolis, GO, Brazil or from CIAT, A.A.6713, Cali, Colombia. Plant variety protection will not be sought.

NOTES

Idaho Agric. Exp. Stn. Journal Article No. 02729. Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication January 31, 2003.

REFERENCES

• Singh, S.P. 1982. A key for identification of different growth habits of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Annu. Rep. Bean Improv. Coop. 25:92–95.
• Singh, S.P., P. Gepts, and D.G. Debouck. 1991. Races of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae). Econ. Bot. 45:379–396.[ISI]

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