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a USDA-ARS and Dep. of Crop Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7631
b Dep. of Crop Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7631
* Corresponding author (tommy_carter{at}ncsu.edu)
‘N7001’ soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. no. CV-444, PI 615694) was developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. It was released in March 2000 because of its high yield and diverse pedigree in comparison to other North American cultivars. N7001 is a group VII cultivar adapted to the South Atlantic Coast and Southeastern USA.
N7001, identified previously as N90-7199, is an F4-derived selection from the cross of USDA-ARS breeding line, N77-114, and PI 416937, an old cultivar from Japan. PI 416937 has not appeared previously in the pedigree of any U.S. cultivar and is strikingly dissimilar to any U.S. variety or ancestor in phenotype. The parents of N77-114 were ‘Essex’ and N70-2173 (Smith and Camper, 1973). N70-2173 is from the cross of ‘Hampton’ x ‘Ransom’ (Brim and Elledge, 1973; Webb and Hicks, 1965). Hampton was developed by Coker's Pedigree Seed Co. from the cross of ‘Majos’ and ‘Lee’ (Johnson, 1958). Majos (PI 548697) was developed from the cross of Tokyo (PI 548493) and a selection from Nanda (PI 548474). N77-114 and PI 416937 were crossed in 1987 at Raleigh, NC, and the F1 was grown at the USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station (TARS), Isabela, PR, the following winter. The F2 and F3 plants were advanced by single seed descent at Clayton, NC, in 1988 and the following winter at TARS (Brim, 1966). In 1989, individual F4 plants were harvested at Clayton, NC. Approximately 500 were selected for progeny increase at Clayton, NC in 1990. Approximately 100 nonshattering and nonlodging progeny rows were harvested and, subsequently, these breeding lines were yield tested at the Sandhills Research Station in North Carolina in 1991. N7001 performed well in North Carolina in 1991 to 1993 and was tested thereafter at 5, 12, 17, and 13 southern regional locations in 1994, 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively, as part of the USDA Cooperative Uniform Soybean Yield Trials (Tyler and Bell, 1998). N7001 was also yield tested in 26 North Carolina environments by the North Carolina Official Variety Testing Program from 1996 through 1998 (Bowman, 1998).
N7001 matures approximately 3 d later than ‘Cook’ or ‘Haskell’ and is adapted to similar latitudes (approximately 31–37° North) (Boerma et al., 1992,1994). In 21 regional USDA Cooperative Uniform Soybean Yield Trials on the Atlantic coast, it produced 4% lower yield than Haskell in wide-row (95 cm) spacings when grown under full season conditions. In 26 full-season wide-row (95 cm) and late-planted narrow-row (48 cm) yield trials in North Carolina, N7001 produced 2% higher yield than Haskell and the same yield as Cook. In 1998, N7001 was the highest yielding entry in its maturity class in the North Carolina Official Variety Testing Program. N7001 is lodging resistant, exhibiting an average lodging score similar to or better than Haskell or Cook in USDA Cooperative Uniform Soybean Yield Trials. N7001 averaged 10 cm shorter than Haskell in these same trials. N7001 is resistant to pod dehiscence (shattering) after maturation, even when harvest is delayed extensively in North Carolina. N7001 has yellow seed, imperfect black hila, purple flowers, gray pubescence, dark pod wall, and determinate growth habit. The seed of N7001 were slightly smaller (i.e., 1 g per 100 seed less) than those of Haskell and had similar oil and protein content in the USDA Cooperative Uniform Soybean Yield Trials. N7001 is resistant to soybean mosaic virus, frog eye leaf spot (caused by Cercospora sojina Hara), and bacterial pustule [caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines (Nakano) Dye] but susceptible to the cyst (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) and root knot (Meloidogyne) species of nematode.
Seed of N7001 will be distributed by North Carolina Foundation Seeds, 8220 Riley Hill Road, Zebulon, NC 27597. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has no seed for distribution. An application for U.S Plant Variety Protection was filed by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. Genetic material of this release will be deposited in the National Plant Germplasm System where it will be available for research purposes, including development and commercialization of new cultivars.
NOTES
Accepted for publication October 31, 2002.
REFERENCES
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