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Plant, Soils, and Entomological Sci. Dep., Univ. of Idaho, Aberdeen Research and Extension Ctr., P.O. Box AA, Aberdeen, ID 83210
* Corresponding author (esouza{at}uidaho.edu)
‘Jubilee’ soft white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg. no. CV-922, PI 614839) was developed by the Idaho, Oregon, and Washington Agricultural Experiment Stations for use by grain producers in the Pacific Northwest of the USA. Jubilee is a semidwarf wheat, with excellent grain yield potential and end-use quality, that is adapted to rain-fed and irrigated production at elevations above 1000 m.
Jubilee was derived from the cross A8854S, made in 1988, with the pedigree IDO184/IDO159//‘Tonichi’ sib/2*‘Sterling’. Sterling (CItr 17859) (Sunderman et al., 1984) is a soft white spring wheat developed at Aberdeen, ID, by the USDA-ARS and released by the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station. Tonichi (PI 471922) is a spring wheat developed at the International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT) and was used as a donor source for stripe rust resistance (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend.). IDO184 and IDO159 are soft white spring breeding lines with the respective pedigrees: ‘Lemhi 66’/3/‘Yaktana 54A’*4//‘Norin 10’/‘Brevor’/4/Yaktana 54A*4//Norin 10/Brevor/3/‘Nugaines’ and Yaktana 54A*4//Norin 10/Brevor/3/Nugaines/4/‘Fielder’. A8854S was advanced by the bulk method without intentional selection in the F2 generation. In the F3 generation, heads were selected from short plants and planted as F3:4 headrows in 1991. From these headrows, the selection A8854S-12 was advanced to testing yield trials in southeastern Idaho for 5 yr. In 1997, A8854S-12 was designated IDO525 and entered into the Tri-State Spring Wheat Nursery. IDO525 was advanced the next year into the Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery for 3 yr of testing (1998–2000). In 1999, IDO525 was evaluated in the Pacific Northwest Wheat Quality Council and in Idaho on-farm extension trials. In 1999, 200 F3:12 head selections were grown at Aberdeen, ID, and selected for uniform plant type. Seed from headrows that were true-to-type were harvested and planted at the University of Idaho, Tetonia Research and Extension Center in 2000 to generate Breeder seed.
Jubilee is most similar in appearance to ‘Whitebird’ (PI 592982) soft white spring wheat (Souza et al., 1997). Jubilee has an unpigmented coleoptile and erect juvenile growth. Jubilee has a recurved, twisted flag leaf and an awned, erect, lax head, which is white-chaffed at maturity. Jubilee is 86 cm tall, equal to ‘Vanna’ and 3 cm shorter than Whitebird. Jubilee is similar in heading date to Whitebird and ‘Penawawa’ (PI 495916), heading approximately 2 d later than ‘Centennial’ (PI 537303) and 4 d earlier than ‘Treasure’ (PI 468962). Seed of Jubilee is soft, white, elliptical, and plump, with a kernel type similar to ‘Centennial’, but approximately 1.5 mg per kernel heavier than Whitebird. On the basis of field evaluations in Washington and Idaho, Jubilee has adult plant resistance to stripe rust. In 1998 and 1999 in replicated field trials at Pullman and Mt. Vernon, WA, Jubilee had type 2 to type 5 reactions to P. striiformis infection with up to 20% of the leaf area occluded by chlorosis or pustules. By comparison, Penawawa, which has moderate adult plant resistance, had reaction types from 5 to 8 with up to 40% of the leaf area occluded. Jubilee is susceptible to Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)] biotypes common in the Pacific Northwest on the basis of observations of infested field trials in northern Idaho from 1999 to 2001.
In 20 site-years of southeastern Idaho replicated trials from 1995 to 1999, Jubilee had a grain yield of 6200 kg ha-1 compared with 6200 kg ha-1 for Penawawa, 5990 kg ha-1 for Whitebird, 5930 kg ha-1 for Vanna, and 5870 kg ha-1 for Treasure. In the same trials, Jubilee, Penawawa, Whitebird, Vanna, and Treasure had grain volume weights of 766, 753, 768, 744, and 746 kg m-3, respectively. In irrigated trials, Jubilee lodged less than Treasure, but was similar to Penawawa and Whitebird. Jubilee has a high milling yield. In 18 site-years of test milling with a Quadrumat Senior Mill (Brabender Instruments Inc., S. Hackensack, NJ) by the University of Idaho Wheat Quality Laboratory, Jubilee had a total flour yield of 685 g kg-1, similar to Treasure (676 g kg-1) and Whitebird (678 g kg-1), yet higher than Penawawa (633 g kg-1) and Vanna (660 g kg-1). In the same quality evaluations, Jubilee had a cookie diameter of 8.97 cm, greater than other cultivars evaluated, including Treasure, Whitebird, Penawawa, and Vanna (8.80, 8.84, 8.45, and 8.70 cm, respectively). The superior soft wheat quality of Jubilee appears to be due in part to reduced levels in the flour of damaged starch and pentosans as measured by the Solvent Retention Capacity test (Guttieri et al., 2001). In 6 site-years of irrigated, southern Idaho trials, the sodium carbonate flour-solvent absorptions (correlated to damaged starch in flour) for Jubilee, Treasure, Whitebird, Penawawa, and Vanna were 599, 602, 615, 654, and 661 g kg-1, respectively (LSD0.05, 12 g kg-1). In the same evaluations, Jubilee, Treasure, Whitebird, Penawawa, and Vanna had sucrose flour-solvent absorptions (correlated to total pentosan content) of 895, 928, 908, 1023, 1018 g kg-1, respectively (LSD0.05, 21 g kg-1). On the basis of these evaluations, Jubilee has similar levels of water absorption due to damaged starch as the quality standard Treasure and less water absorption because of pentosans than Treasure.
Seed of Jubilee will be maintained by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station. Foundation seed may be obtained by contacting the corresponding author. U.S. Plant Variety Protection has been requested for Jubilee.
NOTES
Manuscript No. 98710 of research funded in part by Idaho Agric. Exper. Stn. Hatch Project IDA 1222. Contribution from the Minnesota Agric. Exp. Stn. Registration by CSSA.
Accepted for publication August 31, 2002.
REFERENCES
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