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a California Cooperative Rice Research Foundation, Rice Experiment Station, P.O. Box 306, Biggs, CA 95917-0306
b Rice Research Station, P.O. Box 1429, Crowley, LA 70527-1429
* Corresponding author (xsha{at}agctr.lsu.edu)
‘Dellmati’ (Oryza sativa L.) (Reg. no. CV-115, PI 629291) is an aromatic, elongating, very early maturing, and slender long-grain rice developed at the Rice Research Station at Crowley, LA, by the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center in cooperation with the USDA-ARS, the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Dellmati was officially released in 1999.
Dellmati was developed from the cross ‘Domsiah’//‘Lemont’/‘Newbonnet’/3/‘Lemont’/‘Della’ made at the Rice Research Station in 1987 (87CR054). Domsiah is an aromatic, elongating basmati-type Iranian variety (Nematzadeh et al., 2000). Lemont is a high yielding, semidwarf, long-grain variety developed by the USDA-ARS in conjunction with the Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Beaumont, TX (Bollich et al., 1985). Newbonnet is a high yielding, short-statured, long-grain rice developed jointly by the USDA-ARS and the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station (Johnston et al., 1984). Della is an aromatic variety having conventional U.S. long-grain cooking quality developed at the Rice Research Station, Crowley, LA (Jodon and Sonnier, 1973). Immature panicles were collected from a population of F2 plants of the original cross and were used with anther culture techniques to derive Dellmati. A population of anther culture-derived progeny (89AC7153) were evaluated over five subsequent generations of selection and in 1992 a stable panicle row (9227487) was identified. Bulked seed of this line was tested in the preliminary yield trials at Crowley, LA, in 1993 and 1994 and entered the Cooperative Uniform Regional Rice Nurseries (URRN) in 1995 with the designation of RU9502171.
The principal reasons for releasing Dellmati as a special purpose rice are cooked kernel elongation comparable with imported basmati rice, strong aroma, and early maturity. Quality tests conducted by the USDA-ARS, Rice Research Unit, Beaumont, TX, indicate that the lengthwise elongation ratio averaged 2.16 for Dellmati compared with 2.25 of imported basmati and 1.64 of conventional Cypress. The average concentrations (in ng g-1) of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, the primary rice aroma compound in aromatic rices (Buttery et al., 1988) over 4 yr were 804, 965, and 845 for Dellmati, Della, and ‘Dellrose’, respectively. The average days from emergence to 50% heading for Dellmati is 82 d as compared with 89 d for Della and 91 d for Cypress (URRN 1995–1998).
In the URRN tests grown in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas and in statewide multilocation tests in Louisiana during 1995 through 1998, the average height of Dellmati was 119 cm, whereas Della and Cypress were 132 and 99 cm, respectively. The flag leaf of Dellmati is narrow and remains below the panicle at heading. The leaves, lemma, and palea are pubescent. The spikelet is straw-colored and the tips of panicles have awns up to 1.5 cm on the lemma at maturity. The apiculus is purple, but fades at maturity. The endosperm of Dellmati is nonglutinous and covered by a light brown pericarp.
Dellmati has moderate grain and milling yields and high ratoon yield. In 32 statewide and regional tests during 1995 through 1998, average grain yield of Dellmati was 5330 kg ha-1 compared with 5556 and 8281 kg ha-1 for Della and Cypress, respectively. In 14 state and regional tests (1995–1998), average ratoon yield for Dellmati is 2287 kg ha-1 compared with 2233 kg ha-1 and 772 kg ha-1 for Cypress and Della, respectively. When evaluated in 21 state and regional tests from 1995–1998, milling yields (mg g-1 whole milled kernels: mg g-1 total milled rice) at 120 g kg-1 moisture were 515:694 for Dellmati, 549:683 for Della, and 625:694 for Cypress. A comparison of kernel dimensions of Dellmati with other commercial long-grain varieties indicates that it has a relatively long and very slender kernel (Table 1), which is typical of basmati-type rices and is associated with lower milling yields. Dellmati has an intermediate apparent amylose content of 216 g kg-1 and an intermediate gelatinization temperature (70–75°C), as indicated by an average alkali (17 g kg-1 KOH) spreading value of 4.1.
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Off-types observed and removed from increase fields included plants that were taller or plants that were shorter and later. The total number of off-types was less than 1 per 5000 plants. Breeder and Foundation seed of Dellmati will be maintained by the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Rice Research Station, P.O. Box 1429, Crowley, LA 70527-1429. Limited quantities of seed are available upon request to the corresponding author.
NOTES
Research supported in part by the Louisiana Rice Res. Board. Approved for publication by the Director of the Louisiana Agric. Exp. Stn. as manuscript no. 02-86-0296. Registration by CSSA.
Accepted for publication July 31, 2002.
REFERENCES
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