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a Dep. of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
b Dep. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
c Dep. of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Lonoke, AR 72086
* Corresponding author (rbacon{at}uark.edu)
‘Sabbe’ soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg. no. CV- 916, PI 614729) was developed by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. It was released in 2000 because of its excellent straw strength and yield potential under Arkansas conditions. Sabbe was named in honor of Dr. Wayne Sabbe, former professor of agronomy, University of Arkansas. Dr. Sabbe, who grew up on a farm in North Dakota, maintained a strong interest in wheat during his 36 yr of service to the university as a faculty member and director of the Soil Test and Diagnostic Laboratories.
Sabbe was developed from a cross made in 1989 of ‘Corin’/AR 584. AR 584 was an F1 from the cross ‘Florida 302’//‘Coker 833’/‘Hunter’. Corin is a soft red winter cultivar that was obtained from Jean-Pierre Jaubertie with Semences Cargill in France and was developed by Nickerson RPB, Ltd. of England. The phenotype of Sabbe is more typical of Northern European wheat cultivars than southern U.S. soft red winter wheat cultivars. Compared with typical Arkansas cultivars, the culm is thicker, number of tillers is fewer, spikes are blocky, and the leaves are shorter and wider. The population was grown as a bulk during the F2 and F3 generations. Single head selections were made in the F4 and the F5 generations and the resulting F5 selection was designated as AR 656-5-1. Sabbe was tested in the Arkansas Small-Grain Cultivar Performance Trials in 1998, 1999 and 2000. It was tested in the USDA-ARS Uniform Southern and Uniform Eastern Soft Red Winter Wheat regional trials in 2000.
Sabbe is most similar to ‘AgriPro Shiloh’ in appearance. Both are approximately 94 cm tall and have a plant color of 147A in the yellow-green group (as referenced by the Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart). Sabbe has flag leaves approximately 0.6 cm wider than Shiloh. At maturity, Sabbe has spikes which are awnless, mid-dense, oblong and erect at maturity. Depending on environmental influence, the apical rachis internodes may be shortened giving the spike a slightly clavate appearance or the end of the spike may taper resulting in a somewhat fusiform shape. The white glumes are glabrous, short (9 mm) and midwide with oblique shoulders and acute beaks. Kernels are red, short to midlong and ovate, with a midsize germ; the kernel brush is midsized and short to midlong; the kernel crease is narrow in width and is mid-deep with rounded cheeks. Kernels on average are 6.3 mm long and 3.4 mm wide with a kernel weight of 33 mg.
Sabbe has excellent adaptation in Arkansas test sites. Compared with ‘Jaypee’ (Bacon et al., 1998) in 29 Arkansas Small Grain Cultivar Performance Tests from 1998 to 2000, Sabbe yielded 9% higher (Standard Input Tests only), had approximately 14 kg m-3 lighter grain volume weight, was 3 d later in maturity, and was 6 cm taller. Sabbe is responsive to intensive management as evidenced by its relatively higher yield performance in the High Input Tests within the Arkansas Small Grain Cultivar Performance Tests. In these tests, which use additional (56 kg ha-1) nitrogen and a foliar fungicide, the yield of Sabbe was 17% higher than Jaypee. Data (not shown) also indicate a yield response to high seeding rates (202 kg ha-1).
Sabbe has good winterhardiness for its area of adaptation. It has excellent straw strength; data from two sites in the 1998-1999 Arkansas Small-Grain Cultivar Performance Trials with significant lodging indicated 2% for Sabbe vs. 19% for Coker 9663. Field tests indicate that Sabbe is resistant to populations of powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis DC. f. sp. tritici Ém. Marchal) found in Arkansas. It is resistant to Septoria leaf blotch (caused by Septoria tritici Roberge in Desmaz.); moderately resistant to Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) and stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend.); moderately susceptible to Wheatspindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV); and susceptible to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.). According to seedling tests conducted by the USDA Cereal Disease Lab, St. Paul, MN, Sabbe contains the genes Lr2a, Lr10, and Lr11 for leaf rust resistance. Results from the USDA Soft Wheat Quality Laboratory at Wooster, OH, indicate soft wheat end-use quality characteristics similar to ‘Mason’ (milling score of 100 for both and baking score of 103.6 for Sabbe vs. 100 for the quality check Mason).
U.S. Plant Variety Protection for Sabbe is pending. Classes of seed production are limited to Breeder, Foundation, and Certified. Breeder and Foundation seed is maintained by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Fayetteville, AR 72701. Small quantities of seed will be available from the breeder.
NOTES
Published with the approval of the Director, Arkansas Agric. Exp. Stn., manuscript #01030. The research was supported in part by grants from the Arkansas Wheat Promotion Board. Registration by CSSA.
Accepted for publication January 31, 2002.
REFERENCES
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