HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (3) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Engelke, M.C. Articles by Anderson, S.J. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Engelke, M.C. Articles by Anderson, S.J. Agricola Articles by Engelke, M.C. Articles by Anderson, S.J.

REGISTRATION OF CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Palisades’ Zoysiagrass

^a Dallas Research and Extension Center, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., 17360 Coit Road, Dallas, TX 75252-6599
^b Dep. Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-2474
^c Dep. of Plant Science, Univ. of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881
^d Dep. of Plant Science, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0036

* Corresponding author (m-engelke{at}tamu.edu)

‘Palisades’ (Reg. no. CV-215, PI 607832) zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Stued.) was released by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University System in July 1996. Palisades was identified as DALZ8514 during development and evaluation.

Palisades is a chance hybrid from maternal clone Z-44, a Beltsville, MD, accession obtained in 1981, which was open-pollinated in a nursery of 179 other zoysiagrass accessions. It is a vegetatively propagated clone which was further identified in spaced-plant nursery plantings for its aggressive growth, good turf quality, and adaptation to low maintenance cultural conditions. Palisades is uniform in growth expression, genetically stable (2n = 4x = 40), and has low self-fertility.

DNA fingerprint analysis places Palisades as an intermediate between definitive (type specimen) forms of Z. matrella (L.) Merr., Z. pacifica Goudsw., and Z. japonica, and suggests that Palisades is an interspecific hybrid. The majority of morphological characters of Palisades occurs within the range of variation for Z. japonica; thus, the cultivar has been classified as Z. japonica (Anderson, 2000).

Palisades is distinguished from other zoysiagrasses by its aggressive establishment and recovery growth from rhizomes and stolons, medium-coarse texture, medium-dark green leaves, good winter hardiness, tolerance to low mowing, good-to-excellent shade tolerance, and low water requirement. The harvest cycle for seed of Palisades can approach 6 to 8 mo, in contrast to the industry standard ‘Meyer’ that averages 15 to 24 mo.

Palisades has been evaluated in field, greenhouse, and laboratory studies in conjunction with the United States Golf Association Zoysiagrass Improvement Program since 1983 and was included in the 1991 National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) along with 24 additional zoysiagrass experimental lines and cultivars (Morris and Shearman, 1996). The NTEP trials were established at 23 distinct environments (locations) in 16 states. Of the 24 entries in the NTEP trials, 11 were identified as Z. matrella and 13 were identified as Z. japonica. Turf quality ratings of the Z. japonica entries ranged from 4.8 to 5.9, with Palisades having a mean turf quality of 5.7 over 3 yr. Palisades consistently ranked higher than Meyer and ‘El Toro’, the industry standards for zoysiagrass.

Palisades has excellent drought resistance, a lower water requirement than Meyer and ‘Emerald’, and a similar water requirement compared to El Toro. Palisades exhibits persistent color retention and turf cover, and resistance to weed invasion during prolonged drought. Palisades has demonstrated better shade and salt tolerance than Meyer. The salt tolerance of Palisades combined with its low water requirement expands the use of this grass to turfs irrigated with alternative water sources that often have compromised water quality. Palisades has intermediate low-temperature green foliage retention and good low-temperature tolerance.

Palisades is susceptible to the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith), moderately resistant to the zoysiagrass mite (Eriophyes zoysiae Baker, Kona, and O'Neille), and moderately resistant to tropical sod webworm (Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Guenee) and the tawny mole cricket (Scapteriscus vicinus Scudder). Palisades is moderately resistant to and recovers rapidly from Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) infection and is moderately resistant to Pythium blight (caused by Pythium aphanidermatum Edson).

Palisades is adapted to the southern USA northward to central Kansas, as determined by National Turfgrass Evaluation Program trials conducted from 1992 through 1995. Palisades is suitable for use on golf course fairways, roughs, and shaded tee boxes throughout the transition zone, and on home lawns, sports fields, industrial parks, and highway medians. Optimum mowing heights for Palisades are from 1.0 to 5.0 cm. On tees and fairways, mowing heights of 6 to 8 mm are possible with acceptable results.

The Texas Agricultural Experiment Station at Dallas, Texas will maintain Breeder stock. Only Foundation, Registered, and Certified classes of sod are recognized for Palisades. All Certified production must be directly from Registered, Foundation, or Breeder stock.

U.S. Plant Patent 11515 was issued on 19 Sept. 2000 for Palisades. Vegetative propagules of Palisades are available from the author for research purposes, including development and commercialization of new cultivars or germplasms.

NOTES

The Texas Agricultural Experiment Station developed Cavalier with partial funding from the U.S. Golf Association. Registration by CSSA.

Accepted for publication July 31, 2001.

REFERENCES

• Anderson, S.J. 2000. Taxonomy of Zoysia (Poaceae): Morphological and molecular variation. Ph.D. diss. Texas A&M University (Diss. Abstr. AAT9980106), College Station, TX.
• Morris, K.N., and R. Shearman. 1996. National Zoysiagrass Test – 1991. Final Report 1992-1995, NTEP No. 96-15, National Turfgrass Evaluation Program, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. J. Patton, S. M. Cunningham, J. J. Volenec, and Z. J. Reicher Differences in Freeze Tolerance of Zoysiagrasses: I. Role of Proteins Crop Sci., September 1, 2007; 47(5): 2162 - 2169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. Patton and Z. J. Reicher Zoysiagrass Species and Genotypes Differ in Their Winter Injury and Freeze Tolerance Crop Sci., July 30, 2007; 47(4): 1619 - 1627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. Patton, J. J. Volenec, and Z. J. Reicher Stolon Growth and Dry Matter Partitioning Explain Differences in Zoysiagrass Establishment Rates Crop Sci., May 31, 2007; 47(3): 1237 - 1245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This Article Full Text (PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (3) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Engelke, M.C. Articles by Anderson, S.J. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Engelke, M.C. Articles by Anderson, S.J. Agricola Articles by Engelke, M.C. Articles by Anderson, S.J.