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Simplot Turf & Horticulture, W. 5300 Riverbend Ave., Post Falls, ID 83854
Corresponding author (ssamudio{at}jacklin.com)
‘Caddieshack’ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) (Reg. No. CV-205, PI 613535), a turf-type cultivar, was developed and released in August 1998 by Simplot Turf and Horticulture, Post Falls, ID. Caddieshack's experimental designations were 93-1705 and MED-5071. First Certified seed was produced in 1998.
Caddieshack is a modified advanced generation synthetic cultivar developed from elite progenies selected and bred from ‘Accent’ (Samudio and Brede, 2000). Before anthesis in 1993, 20 elite selections were made from the Accent breeder block near Albany, OR, on the basis of color, size, density, and relative lack of leaf spot [caused by Drechslera siccans (H. siccans Drechs.), teleomorph (caused by Pyrenophora lolii Dovaston), and stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.:Pers.) diseases. The selections were planted in an isolated polycross block near Albany. Three plants were used only as pollen parents, and seed was not harvested from these plants. In August 1993, the 17 remaining plants were harvested individually.
Approximately 165 half-sib progenies per line from each of the remaining 17 mother plants were planted in greenhouse flats. Ten plants per line were screened for the presence of a fungal endophyte [caused by Neotyphodium lolii (Latch, Christensen and Samuels) Glenn, Bacon, Price and Hanlin]. Endophyte infection averaged 94% across the 17 lines.
In September 1993, over 2800 plants were transferred to a spaced-plant breeder block near Albany, where the lines were planted in replicated rows throughout the field. During the spring of 1994, plants were rogued for uniformity, removing those with lower density, lighter leaf color, maturity earlier or later than the majority of those in the field, low seed yield and high levels of leaf spot and stem rust. Approximately 60% of the plants in the block were removed prior to anthesis. The first season's harvest was used to provide seed for turf evaluations. Breeder seed was selectively hand-harvested for endophyte presence in July 1995, omitting the half-sib progenies that did not have endophyte. The Breeder seed was used to establish a 1.2-ha row-planted breeder field near Albany in the fall of 1995, which was harvested in 1996.
Although Caddieshack is essentially derived from Accent, it can be differentiated from Accent by its significantly darker color and more diminutive size. In its National Grass Variety Review Board application, Caddieshack was differentiated from Accent by several botanical measurements (p 
0.05); darker genetic color, shorter spike and spikelet length, shorter flag leaf height, and fewer florets per spike.
Caddieshack provides an attractive turf with high density and medium-fine leaf texture. In the 1994 National Turfgrass Evaluation Program perennial ryegrass test (Morris, 1999), Caddieshack exhibited improved wear tolerance and turf density during spring, summer, and fall. In these trials, Caddieshack demonstrated improved resistance to dollar spot (caused by Lanzia and Moellerodiscus spp.), large brown patch (caused by Rhizoctonia solani Køhn), red thread [caused by Laetisaria fuciformis (McAlpine) Burdsall], leaf rust (caused by Puccinia spp.), and gray leaf spot [caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.].
Caddieshack performs well alone or in mixtures with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), fine fescue (Festuca spp.), or tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) as permanent turf in temperate and transition-zone climates. Caddieshack is recommended for use on athletic fields, home lawns, industrial and school sites, and golf course roughs, tees, and fairways where perennial ryegrasses are adapted. Caddieshack is also adapted to winter overseeding of dormant warm-season turf, providing an excellent playing surface.
Caddieshack is a stable and uniform cultivar. All seed lots evaluated have produced turf of comparable quality and acceptable uniformity. As with any cross-pollinated species, segregation and recombination will produce some plants which deviate from the mean in each generation. Conspicuous variants are rogued from seed stock fields to maintain continued uniformity and stability, although they will occur in each generation.
Simplot Turf and Horticulture maintains Breeder seed of Caddieshack. U.S. plant variety protection for Caddieshack will not be requested. Seed production of Caddieshack is limited to three generations of increase, one each of Foundation, Registered, and Certified.
NOTES
Accepted for publication September 30, 2000.
REFERENCES
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  S.H. Samudio and A.D. Brede Registration of 'Extreme' Perennial Ryegrass Crop Sci., September 1, 2004; 44(5): 1876 - 1877. [Full Text] [PDF]
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