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Simplot Turf and Horticulture, West 5300 Riverbend Ave., Post Falls, ID 83854-9499
Corresponding author (dbrede{at}simplot.com)
‘NuGlade’ Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) (Reg. no. CV-57, PI 599221) is a turf-type cultivar released in August 1996 by Simplot Turf and Horticulture, Post Falls, ID. NuGlade was tested under the experimental designations 91-2078 and J-2078.
NuGlade was developed from a highly apomictic, single-plant selection from hybrid cross number 89-1037, made in the field in July 1989. Pollen from ‘Midnight’ Kentucky bluegrass (Meyer et al, 1984) was used to pollinate plants of ‘Limousine’ (Alderson and Sharp, 1994). Seed harvested from the Limousine mother plants was individually sown into cells of greenhouse flats during the spring of 1990. The resulting plants were grown in a spaced-plant field nursery of 33 500 plants near Post Falls. Offspring with characteristics dissimilar to Limousine, the female parent, were flagged during maturation in spring of 1991. Plant number 91-2078 was identified as being different from Limousine by its leaf color and texture, prior to heading. Entry 91-2078 averaged 29.9 g of seed per plant, twice the average yield of a Kentucky bluegrass spaced plant in northern Idaho. Seed harvested from this plant was used to establish a turf trial in September 1991, a replicated seed yield trial in August. 1992, and a plant variety protection (PVP) trial in June 1994, near Post Falls.
NuGlade was named for its paternal grandparent, ‘Glade’ (1,2,4). NuGlade was selected for density and color traits similar to its pollen parent, Midnight; however, it can be differentiated from Midnight based on 14 botanical measures (as recorded in the U.S. PVP application for NuGlade, certificate no. 9700381), including a shorter flag leaf sheath length, a shorter flag leaf length, and better shade tolerance. NuGlade demonstrated a significantly (P = 0.01) shorter panicle length than Midnight in two years of field evaluations.
Progeny trials were conducted in spaced-plant nurseries established near Post Falls in May 1994 to determine the level of apomixis. Of 1680 NuGlade plants, 2.2% were variants in the vegetative (preheading) stage, 1.6% were heading maturity variants, 1.1% seedhead variants, 0.2% miniature plants, and 0.3% were headless plants. In spaced-plant nurseries, NuGlade averaged 95% apomictic, but varied from 90 to 99% depending upon weather and year.
In seed production, two types of variant plants are visible. One type is a taller plant with a lighter-green seedhead, averaging 10 cm taller than the 50-cm culm length typical for the cultivar. Remaining variants are smaller and later in maturity than the mean and may not be visible in seed production due to the masking effect of dense stands. Aberrant progeny are rogued from seedstock fields to ensure continued uniformity and stability, but they will continue to occur in every generation.
NuGlade was equal to the top-rated cultivar in overall turf quality in the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) trials for Kentucky bluegrass established in 1995 (Morris, 1999). In the same test, NuGlade demonstrated improved drought tolerance (dormancy), resistance to leafspot and melting out [caused by Drechslera poae (Baudys) Shoem], necrotic ring spot (caused by Leptosphaeria korrae J. Walker and A.M. Smith), stripe smut [caused by Ustilago striiformis (Westend.) Niessl.], stem rust (caused by P. graminis Pers.:Pers.), and summer patch (caused by Magnaporthe poae Landschoot and Jackson), and susceptibility to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis DC. ex Merat).
In five years of commercial seed production, NuGlade has shown the potential for high yields of quality seed, with freedom from ergot [caused by Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul.] honeydew and sclerotia. NuGlade has exhibited no adverse reactions to labeled Kentucky bluegrass pesticides.
NuGlade is recommended for lawns, golf courses, parks, and sports turf in areas where Kentucky bluegrass is well adapted for turf. It can be grown in full sun or some shade. NuGlade is compatible in blends and mixtures with other cool-season turfgrasses.
Breeder seed, first harvested in 1995, is maintained by Simplot Turf and Horticulture. Seed propagation is limited to four cycles of increase: Breeder, Foundation, Registered, and Certified. U.S. Plant Variety Protection status for NuGlade has been granted (PVP certificate no. 9700381).
NOTES
Accepted for publication September 30, 2000.
REFERENCES
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