Crop Science 41:280-281 (2001)
© 2001 Crop Science Society of America
REGISTRATION OF GERMPLASM
Registration of 10 Isogenic Chromosome 1 and 10 T1BL.1RS Chromosome Translocation Bread Wheat Germplasms
A. Mujeeb-Kazi,
M.D.H.M. William,
R.L. Villareal,
A. Cortes,
V. Rosas and
R. Delgado
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apartado Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., MEXICO
Corresponding author (m.kazi{at}cgiar.org)
About 55% of CIMMYT bread wheat germplasm (Triticum aestivum L.) possesses the T1BL.1RS wheat-rye chromosome translocation. To study the agronomic contribution of this chromosome, we substituted chromosome 1B for T1BL.1RS in `Seri M82' (`Kavkaz'/`Buho'//`Kalyansona'/`Bluebird') and developed 20 near isogenic lines. Ten lines have the homozygous chromosome 1B substitution, and 10 lines possess the T1BL.1RS translocation (Table 1), (Reg. no. GP-619 to GP-638; PI 613282 to 613301).
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Table 1. Agronomic characteristics of Triticum aestivum L. cv Seri M82 germplasms with and without the TIBL.1RS translocation chromosome average over three production cycles at CAEVY, Sonora, Mexico
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The chromosome 1B substitution protocol involved pollinating Seri M82 (T1BL.1RS) with `Pavon 76' (`Vicam'//`Ciano'/`Siete Cerros'/3/`Kalyansona'/Bluebird) to produce the T1BL.1RS, 1B F1 heterozygote. Seri M82 was used to pollinate the F1 to yield the first backcross (BC1) derivative. Heterozygous BC1 plants with 42 chromosomes were identified by Glucose phospho-isomerase (GPI), acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE), and Giemsa C-banding assays (William et al., 1992). These BC11 F1 heterozygotes were backcrossed to Seri M82 to yield BC2 derivatives, which were similarly advanced to BC7, and then self-pollinated. From the BC7F2 progeny, plants homozygous for either chromosome 1B or T1BL.1RS were identified biochemically and cytologically as above. The homozygous plants were then grown, selfed, and observed for phenotypic resemblance to Seri M82. From those plants, 10 T1BL.1RS homozygous and 10 1B homozygous plants were selected, increased, agronomically characterized (Table 1) and data compared with Seri M82 (original breeders line). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Data were gathered according to published protocols (Villareal et al., 1995). Each of the homozygous T1BL.1RS germplasms possess biotic stress resistance genes Lr26, Sr31, Yr9, and Pm8 located on the rye chromosome arm 1RS (McIntosh, 1983). The homozygous T1BL.1RS lines are anticipated to differ from the parent Seri M82 for the recombination events between Seri M82 and Pavon 76 that occurred on the 1BL chromosome arm of the T1BL.1RS translocation and on the other 40 chromosomes during the backcross procedure (William et al., 1992). These 10 T1BL.1RS lines (Mujeeb-Kazi et al., 1996) form the critical germplasm control for delineating the contribution that the substituted 1B chromosome may make to Seri M82 as well as address other allelic differences. There are some earlier reports where isolines (Carver and Rayburn, 1994; McKendry et al., 1996a; Moreno-Sevilla et al., 1995; Schlegel and Meinel, 1994) and random F2:6 lines (Villareal et al., 1995) were utilized to demonstrate T1BL.1RS effects. The development of the present germplasm is unique in that seven backcrosses were used to develop the near isogenic lines from which a critical assessment of the 1RS rye chromosome arms contribution can be made. The presence of T1BL.1RS demonstrated an increase in grain yield of 1.6 and 11.3% for optimum and reduced irrigation conditions, respectively (Villareal et al., 1998). Another priority area is industrial quality (McKendry et al., 1996b), where this near isogenic bread wheat germplasm can better elucidate the influence of the T1BL.1RS translocation chromosome.
Seed samples (5 g) of each germplasm will be distributed upon written request by B. Skovmand, Genetic Resources Bank, Wheat Program, CIMMYT, Apartado Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors are grateful to Dr. J. Quick, Colorado State Univ., and Dr. B. Friebe, Kansas State Univ., for reviewing an earlier manuscript involving durum wheats. Those suggestions were helpful here also.
NOTES
Registration by CSSA.
Accepted for publication July 31, 2000.
REFERENCES
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- McIntosh, R.A. 1983. A catalogue of gene symbols for wheat. p. 1197–1255. In S. Sakamoto (ed.) Proc. VI, Int. Wheat Genetics Symp., Kyoto, Japan.
- Mujeeb-Kazi, A., M.D.H.M. William, and M.N. Islam-Faridi. 1996. Homozygous 1B and 1BL/1RS chromosome substitutions in Triticum aestivum and T. turgidum cultivars. Cytologia, 61: 147–154.
- Carver, B.F., and A.L. Rayburn. 1994. Comparison of related wheat stocks possessing 1B or 1RS.1BL chromosomes: Agronomic performance. Crop Sci. 34:1505–1510.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
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- Villareal, R.L., O. Bañuelos, A. Mujeeb-Kazi, and S. Rajaram. 1998. Agronomic performance of chromosomes 1B and T1BL.1RS near-isolines in spring bread wheat Seri M82. Euphytica. 103:195–202.
- McKendry, A.L., D.N. Tague, P.L. Finney, and K.E. Miskin. 1996b. Effect of 1BL.1RS on milling and baking quality of soft red winter wheat. Crop Sci. 36:848–851.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
