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Impact of High Nighttime Temperature on Respiration, Membrane Stability, Antioxidant Capacity, and Yield of Rice Plants

Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center, 1509 Aggie Drive, Beaumont, TX 77713

View larger version (33K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Average nighttime temperatures at Beaumont Research Center during (A) the cropping period and (B, C) average nighttime temperatures imposed during the course of the experiment using infrared heaters as well as average daytime temperature during the same period. (B, C) Average daytime and nighttime humidity are also shown under two nighttime temperature regimes.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Temporal trends in leaf dark respiration rates of rice plants as affected by high nighttime temperature and exogenous effector (chemical) treatments. Leaf dark respiration rates were measured at boot, early grain-fill (EGF), and mid-dough (MD) stages. The error bars are shown if they are larger than the symbol, and represent SE. In Exp-I, the values are the average of three replications, whereas in Exp-II and III, the values are the average of five replications.

View larger version (34K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. Effects of high nighttime temperature and exogenous effector (chemical) treatments on membrane thermal stability expressed as (A) relative injury and (B) grain dry weight. Membrane thermal stability was measured at early grain fill of the rice plant. The error bars are shown if they are larger than the symbol, and represent SE. The values are averages of the results of three independent experiments. In total, there were thirteen replications for each treatment.

View larger version (68K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 4. Effects of high nighttime temperature and exogenous effector (chemical) treatments on total antioxidant capacity of rice leaves. The total antioxidant capacity was measured at boot stage and mid-dough (MD) stage of the rice plants. There are four panels (A, B, C, D) in the graph, and the datum shown in each panel was analyzed separately. The error bars are shown if they are larger than the symbol, and represent SE. The values are averages of the results of three independent experiments. In total, there were thirteen replications for each treatment.

View larger version (45K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 5. Leaf dark respiration rates, electrolytic leakage, and antioxidant capacity of leaf tissues of rice plants grown under ambient (27°C) or high (32°C) nighttime temperatures. Ten individual values for each parameter under each heat treatment are from untreated (no exogenous effector) plants, which were analyzed using Hotellings T-square analysis, a special case of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The plants' response to high nighttime temperature differed from the response to ambient nighttime temperature with respect to respiration rate, electrolyte leakage, and antioxidant capacity in combination.