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Genetic Diversity in CIMMYT Nontemperate Maize Germplasm: Landraces, Open Pollinated Varieties, and Inbred Lines

^a The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT, Int). Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico D.F., Mexico
^b Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Univ. of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
^c Crop Science Dep., 101 Turner Hall, Univ. of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin, Urbana, IL 61801
^d Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Av. Garzón 780 CP 12900, Montevideo, Uruguay
^e the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad 502-324 Andhra Pradesh, India
^f Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun South Street 12, 100081, Beijing, China

View larger version (24K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Principal coordinate analysis based on 25 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers scored on 23 maize landraces (filled squares), 23 improved CIMMYT open pollinated varieties (OPVs) (open triangles), and 63 improved CIMMYT inbred lines derived from 15 of the OPVs (asterisks). The first two principal coordinates are shown in this biplot.

View larger version (39K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Population structure in the CIMMYT maize lines (CMLs) and 21 individuals each from 23 maize landraces analyzed in this study by the program Structure and visualized with the program Distruct. Each vertical bar represents one individual or inbred line, which is partitioned into up to k colored segments, which represents the individual's estimated membership in each of the k clusters (k = 24 in this example). The CMLs were not constrained by cluster, nor were the control inbreds (called LP1 and TS1).