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Yield, Root Growth, and Soil Water Content in Drought-Stressed Pasture Mixtures Containing Chicory

USDA-ARS Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, Building 3702 Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802

View larger version (39K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Early-summer yields for well-watered (wet) and drought-stressed (dry) two-species grass–legume and three-species grass–legume–chicory mixtures. Means with the same letter are not significantly different at P = 0.05.

View larger version (38K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Late-summer yields for well-watered (wet) and drought-stressed (dry) two-species grass–legume and three-species grass–legume–chicory mixtures. Means with the same letter are not significantly different at P = 0.05.

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. Root distribution with soil depth for two- and three-species mixtures. (A) Initial distribution at the beginning of first drought-stress treatment (6 June 2003). (B) Distribution beneath well-watered plots on 1 July 2003. (C) Distribution beneath drought-stressed plots on 1 July 2003. Each point represents the mean of four replications and five frames (6.75 cm depth). Error bars represent ± 1 SE.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 4. Effect of drought treatments on soil volumetric water content at 25-, 50-, and 75-cm depths in 2003. No significant differences existed between the two- and three-species mixtures in 2003 for either moisture treatment on any date.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 5. Effect of drought treatments on soil volumetric water content at 25-, 50-, and 75-cm depths in 2004. * indicates dates when significant differences occurred between the two-and three-species mixtures under drought stress.

View larger version (44K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 6. Soil water potential at 25-cm depth during the final 18 d of drought stress in 2003 for two-species (grass–legume) and three-species (grass–legume–chicory) mixtures. Standard errors are indicated by gray shaded area. Only negative standard error values are shown to improve clarity.