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Insights and Innovations from Wide Crosses: Examples from Canola and Tomato

^a Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc., 37437 State Highway 16, Woodland, CA 95695
^b Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706; former address for T.C. Osborn, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706

View larger version (24K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Chromosomal locations and effects of quantitative trait loci for seed yield of test cross progenies detected after introgression of alleles from five unadapted donor sources of Brassica napus. Significant positive and negative effects of donor alleles on seed yield in at least one environment are indicated by smaller ellipses for discovery populations, as reported previously (Butruille et al. 1999b; Quijada et al. 2006; Udall et al. 2006). Multiple copies of chromosomes are shown if different donors contributed significant effects for that chromosome (N3, N7, N10, and N13). Results from retesting QTL alleles on N2, N3, N6, N10, and N15 in new segregating populations of the same genetic background are shown by ellipses and circles right adjacent to the first test results. Results from retesting N3 and N14 segments from Ceres in different genetic backgrounds (Quijada et al. 2004a) are shown using larger ellipses and circles right adjacent to the first test results. The range of effects of donor allele substitutions on seed yield of test cross progenies are shown numerically for retested loci. Chromosomes derived from the two diploid progenitor species, B. rapa (N1–N10) and B. oleracea (N11–N19), are indicated.

View larger version (33K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Effects of donor segments containing homoeologous transpositions on seed yield in double haploid (DH) lines and testcross (TC) progenies of Brassica napus. The homoeologous relationships of chromosomes derived from the diploid progenitor species B. rapa (N1–N10, black) and B. oleracea (N11–N19, white) are shown using lines to connect homologous restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci from the genetic maps (Udall et al. 2005). The configurations of homoeologous chromosomal transpositions are indicated for the spring parent used to develop the DH mapping populations (segments of N1 on N11, N7 on N16, N16 on N7, and N19 on N10). The configurations of unadapted donor parent transpositions are shown right adjacent to spring parent chromosomes (N10, N11, N13, and N16). The boxed area highlights the effect of donor segments on intersubgenome heterozygosity. Arrows indicate significant increases (up) or decreases (down) in seed yield associated with the introgression of alleles from the donors listed for DH lines or TC progenies, as indicated. The range of variation explained by these genomic regions in different test environments where significant effects were observed is shown by R2 value (Quijada et al. 2006; Udall et al. 2006). MF216 was the designation of the parent containing introgressions from Major, and it also contained introgressions from the spring cultivar Stellar, which accounted for the transposition on N13. Resistance (R) or susceptibility (S) to a bacterial disease was associated with N10 segments from spring parent (R), donor (S), and tester (R).