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Gene Expression of Metallothioneins in Barley during Senescence and Heavy Metal Treatment

^a Institute of Plant Physiology, Martin-Luther Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, 06120 Halle, Germany
^b Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany

View larger version (18K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Chlorophyll (Chl) content and photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) during primary leaf development of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants grown under growth chamber conditions. Each data point represents the mean value of 10 measurements (n = 10 different plants from two independent growth experiments). Error bars indicate the standard deviation (± SE).

View larger version (36K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Effect of different concentrations of Cd on chlorophyll content (Chl) and photosystem II efficiency of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) primary leaves. Plants were grown hydroponically in Murashige–Skoog medium for 10 d and exposed for 48 h to different concentrations of Cd. Each data point represents the mean value of 10 measurements (n = 10 different plants from two independent growth experiments). Error bars indicate the standard deviation (± SE).

View larger version (21K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. Effect of Cd treatment in Murashige–Skoog (MS) medium and tap water on chlorophyll content (Chl) and photosystem II efficiency of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) primary leaves. Plants were grown hydroponically in MS medium or in tap water for 10 d and then exposed for 48 h to 1 mM Cd. Each data point represents the mean value of 10 measurements (n = 10 different plants from two independent growth experiments). Error bars indicate the standard deviation (± SE).

View larger version (52K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 4. Analysis of expression of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) metallothionein genes in leaves in response to senescence and metal stress. Left column, RNA extracted from primary leaves of plants grown in soil at different stages of leaf development (9, 21, and 39 d); middle column, after exposure of 12-d-old plants for 48 h to 1 mM Cd or 1 mM Cu grown in MS medium; right column, plants grown in tap water.

View larger version (49K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 5. Analysis of gene expression of HvMT-3a in leaves of plants exposed for 48 h to different Cu concentrations: Lane 1—distilled water; Lanes 2 through 4—0.5 µM, 50 µM, and 1 mM Cu; Lane 5—1 mM Cu + 1 mM Cd.