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Disease Expression and Ecophysiological Yield Components in Sunflower Isohybrids with and without Verticillium dahliae Resistance

^a Unidad Integrada INTA Balcarce, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNMP, Ruta 226 Km 60.5 (7620) Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
^b ADVANTA SEMILLAS SAIC Ruta 226 Km 60.5 (7620) Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
^c contributed equally to this work

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Relation between yield losses (%) and V. dahliae disease severity (DS) (%) at four different locations, under natural infection, in nine sunflower susceptible (S) isohybrids without resistance (R). Yield losses were calculated as (R yield–S yield)/R yield. Data from Trial 1.

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Disease progression over time in terms of disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS) for resistant (R) and susceptible (S) isohybrids under V. dahliae natural infections. Data are mean values of isohybrids 2A, 4B, and 5B. Data from Trial 2.

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. Percent radiation interception as a function of time expressed as days after sowing (DAS) for resistant (R) and susceptible (S) isohybrids under V. dahliae natural infections. Standard error (SE) was 1.8 and 3.6% for 89 and 102 days after sowing (DAS), respectively. Data are means of isohybrid 2A and 4B. Flowering took place at 70 DAS and physiological maturity at approximately 105 DAS. Data from Trial 2.

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 4. Aboveground dry matter accumulation as a function of time expressed as days after sowing (DAS) for resistant (R) and susceptible (S) isohybrids under V. dahliae natural infections. Differences were statistically significant at 92 DAS (SE = 79 g m–2) and at the final harvest (SE = 32 g m–2). Data are means of isohybrid 2A and 4B. Beginning of flowering took place at 70 DAS and physiological maturity at approximately 105 DAS. Data from Trial 2.

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 5. Individual grain weight as a function of time expressed as days after flowering (DAF) for resistant (R) and susceptible (S) isohybrids under V. dahliae natural infections. Differences were statistically significant after 20 DAF (SE = 0.74, 1.26, 2.31, 1.74, and 2.00 mg at 14, 21, 29, 37, and 45 DAF, respectively). Data for isohybrid 2A. Grainfilling rate estimated from 14 to 29 DAF was 1.41 and 1.26 mg d–1 for R and S cultivars, respectively. Data from Trial 2.