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Application of Population Genetic Theory and Simulation Models to Efficiently Pyramid Multiple Genes via Marker-Assisted Selection

^a Crop Research Informatics Lab., and Genetic Resources Enhancement Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
^b CSIRO Plant Industry, 306 Carmody Rd, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
^c CSIRO Plant Industry, P.O. Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
^d Institute of Crop Science, and The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

View larger version (26K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. The minimum population size having at least one selected individual. A probability of not having at least one target genotype present in the population sampled = 0.01 is assumed. If more than one selection stage is involved, the summation of the minimum population sizes of all stages is used. The probability used for each stage is 1–(1–) when there are two selection stages, and 1–(1–) when there are three selection stages.

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Frequency distribution of the number of selected individuals in the F1 generation of the topcross (TCF1) (A) and doubled haploid lines (DHs) (B). The parents for the topcross were HM14BS, Sunstate, and Silverstar+tin. There were 500 individuals grown in the TCF1, 50 seeds were taken from each selected TCF1 individual to produce the F2 generation of the topcross (TCF2), and 50 DHs were produced from each selected TCF2 individual. In the TCF1 generation, homozygous selection was applied for Rht-B1a and Glu-B1i, and enrichment selection for Rht8, Cre1, and tin. In the TCF2 generation, homozygous selection was applied for Rht8, and enrichment selection for remaining target alleles. In DHs, only the target genotype was selected.