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Compensatory Mechanisms Associated with the Effect of Spring Wheat Seed Size on Wild Oat Competition

^a Northwestern Agricultural Research Center, 4570 MT 35, Kalispell, MT 59901
^b Dep. of Statistics, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Mean differences, weighed by their corresponding total standard deviations, in yield and yield components between large and small seed size classes. **, Significant difference (P < 0.01); NS, nonsignificant difference.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Variation in wheat grain yield (g m–2) (A), kernel weight (B), kernels spike–1 (C), and spikes m–2 (D) across years. Dark and open symbols correspond to large and small seed size classes, respectively. Year x seed size interaction was significant (P < 0.05) in all the variables with exception of grain yield. ***, Difference between seed size classes in a given year statistically significant at the 0.001 probability level.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Path diagram describing the interrelationships between spikes m–2 (1), panicles m–2 (2), kernels spike–1 (3), seeds per panicle (4), kernel weight (5), seed weight (6), grain yield (7), and seed yield (8) under the large seed size class. Single-headed arrows indicate path coefficients between variables i and i' (Pii', i > i') and residual coefficient in variable i (Ei). Double-headed arrow indicates simple correlation coefficient between the exogenous variables (r12). Arrow thickness indicates the magnitude of the effect; broken arrows describe the effect of spring wheat on wild oat and broken-segmented arrows describe the effect of wild oat on spring wheat. *, ** Statistically significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Path diagram describing the interrelationships between spikes m–2 (1), panicles m–2 (2), kernels spike–1 (3), seeds per panicle (4), kernel weight (5), seed weight (6), grain yield (7), and seed yield (8) under the small seed size class. Single-headed arrows indicate path coefficients between variables i and i' (Pii', i > i') and residual coefficient in variable i (Ei). Double-headed arrow indicates simple correlation coefficient between the exogenous variables (r12). Arrow thickness indicates the magnitude of the effect; broken arrows describe the effect of spring wheat on wild oat and broken-segmented arrows describe the effect of wild oat on spring wheat. *, ** Statistically significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively.