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Minimum Water Requirements for Creeping, Colonial, and Velvet Bentgrasses under Fairway Conditions

Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Changes in volumetric soil moisture content under deficit irrigation in 2002 and 2003. In 2002, irrigation treatments were applied from 1 July through 18 August and then again from 13 September through 1 November. In 2003, treatments were applied from 27 June through 8 September and then again from 1 October to 1 November. Graphs (A) and (B) demonstrate general species changes in soil moisture as a result of the deficit irrigation. Graphs (C) and (D) demonstrate the general changes in soil moisture in response to varying levels of deficit irrigation for all three bentgrass species. Symbols indicate the irrigation treatment as a percentage of ET measurements using weighing minilysimeters. Vertical bars are LSD values (P = 0.05) indicating statistically significant differences for species and irrigation treatment comparisons at a given day of treatment.

View larger version (44K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Changes in turfgrass quality (TQ) for creeping (CRP), colonial (CO), and velvet (V) bentgrasses under deficit irrigation in 2002 and 2003, where 9 represents the best quality (green, dense canopy) and 1 represents the lowest quality (brown, desiccated). In 2002, irrigation treatments were applied from 1 July through 18 August and then again from 13 September through 1 November. In 2003, treatments were applied from 27 June through 8 September and then again from 1 October to 1 November. Symbols indicate the irrigation treatment as a percentage of ET measurements with weighing minilysimeters. Vertical bars are LSD values (P= 0.05) within a species indicating statistically significant differences for treatment comparisons at a given day of treatment.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Changes in chlorophyll index for creeping (CRP), colonial (CO), and velvet (V) bentgrasses under deficit irrigation in 2003. In 2003, irrigation treatments were applied from 27 June through 8 September and then again from 1 October to 1 November. Symbols indicate the irrigation treatment as a percentage of ET measurements with weighing minilysimeters. Vertical bars are LSD values (P= 0.05) within a species indicating statistically significant differences for treatment comparisons at a given day of treatment.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Changes in canopy net photosynthetic rate (Pn) for creeping (CRP), colonial (CO), and velvet (V) bentgrasses under deficit irrigation in 2002 and 2003. In 2002, irrigation treatments were applied from 1 July through 18 August and then again from 13 September through 1 November. In 2003, treatments were applied from 27 June through 8 September and then again from 1 October to 1 November. Symbols indicate the irrigation treatment as a percentage of ET measurements using weighing minilysimeters. Vertical bars are LSD values (P= 0.05) within a species indicating statistically significant differences for treatment comparisons at a given day of treatment.