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Heterosis and Combining Ability for Maize Adaptation to Tropical Acid Soils

Implications for Future Breeding Strategies

^a INRA, Centre de Montpellier, UMR LEPSE, 2 Place Viala, 34000 Montpellier cedex1, France
^b INRA Centre Antilles Guyane, URPV, Domaine Duclos, Prise d'Eau, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
^c IRAD, Maize Program, PO BOX 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon
^d CIMMYT, Programa de Maiz-Suramerica, CIAT, AA 6713, Cali, Colombia
^e EMBRAPA, CNPMS, Caixa postal 151, 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
^f CORPOICA, La Libertad, Villavicencio, Colombia
^g INRA-UPS-INAPG, Station de Génétique Végétale, Ferme du Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
^h UHANN, University of Hannover, Institute for Plant Nutrition, Herrenhaeuser Strasse 2, D-30419, Hannover, Germany

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Relationship between mean grain yields of 11 parental maize populations and their 55 crosses in acid and nonacid soil environments. The correlation between grain yield in acid and nonacid soils is 0.32 (P < 0.05). Note, crosses could be classified as "acid-soil tolerant with high yielding capacity in nonacid soil" (quadrant 1), "acid-soil tolerant with low-yielding capacity" (2), "acid-soil susceptible with low-yielding capacity" (3), and "acid-soil susceptible with high yielding capacity" (4). (Gray-screened circle) parental populations, (filled diamond) crosses.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Observed grain yields (Mg ha–1) across acid-soil conditions of the 55 F1 diallel crosses, and their predicted grain yields (Mg ha–1) calculated for each cross from the GCA effect of two parents and the over-all mean. Note that deviation of the points from the 1:1 line was due in part to specific combining ability (SCA) effects. (R2 = 0.493).