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Forage Nutritive Value and Morphology of Three Old World Bluestems under a Range of Irrigation Levels

^a Agronomy Dep., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011-1010
^b Dep. of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX 79409-2122
^c USDA-ARS, Dep. of Agronomy and Horticulture, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0937
^d Dep. of Range, Wildlife, and Fisheries, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX 79409

View larger version (85K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Neutral (A) and acid (B) detergent fiber as influenced by dryland and irrigation levels of low, medium, and high averaged across Bothriochloa caucasica, B. ischaemum, and B. bladhii. Data were also averaged across years 2001, 2002, and 2003. Above-ground biomass was removed during the last week of July at an 8-cm cutting height. x and y indicate quadratic and cubic effects of water treatments within a month, respectively (P < 0.05).

View larger version (66K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Crude protein as influenced by species (A) and by dryland and irrigation levels of low, medium, and high averaged across Bothriochloa caucasica, B. ischaemum, and B. bladhii (B). Data were also averaged across years 2002 and 2003. Above-ground biomass was removed during the last week of July at an 8-cm cutting height. (A) Means with the same letter (a, b, c) among species and within a month are not different (P > 0.05). (B) x, y, and z indicate linear, quadratic, and cubic effects of water treatments within a month, respectively (P < 0.05).

View larger version (78K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Total nonstructural carbohydrates (A) and dry matter digestibility (B) as influenced by dryland and irrigation levels of low, medium, and high averaged across Bothriochloa caucasica, B. ischaemum, and B. bladhii. Data were also averaged across years 2001, 2002, and 2003. Above-ground biomass was removed during the last week of July at an 8-cm cutting height. x, y, and z indicate linear, quadratic, and cubic effects of water treatments within a month, respectively (P < 0.05).

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Total digestible dry matter production as influenced by Bothriochloa caucasica, B. ischaemum, and B. bladhii, averaged across dryland and irrigation levels of low, medium, and high during 2002 and 2003. Above-ground biomass was removed during the last week of July at an 8-cm cutting height. Means with the same letter within one year and month are not different (P > 0.05).

View larger version (48K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Digestible dry matter (A) and dry matter digestibility (B), during the growing season, as influenced by dryland and irrigation levels of low, medium, and high. Data were averaged across Bothriochloa caucasica, B. ischaemum, and B. bladhii, and also averaged across years 2002 and 2003. Means with the same letter within either (A) or (B) are not different (P > 0.05).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Digestible dry matter production per dollar (U.S. $) irrigation water invested as influenced by irrigation levels of low, medium, and high, and averaged across Bothriochloa caucasica, B. ischaemum, and B. bladhii. Data were also averaged across years 2002 and 2003. Means with the same letter within one water treatment are not different (P > 0.05).

View larger version (46K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Leaf blade:stem-plus-sheath (A) and live:dead (B) ratios as influenced by dryland and irrigation levels of low, medium, and high averaged across Bothriochloa caucasica, B. ischaemum, and B. bladhii. Data were averaged across years 2001, 2002, and 2003. Above-ground biomass was removed during the last week of July at an 8-cm cutting height. x, y, and z indicate linear, quadratic, and cubic effects of water treatments within a month, respectively (P < 0.05).

View larger version (66K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Mean stage count (A) and mean stage weight (B) of Bothriochloa bladhii as influenced by dryland and irrigation levels of low, medium, and high. Data were averaged across years 2001, 2002, and 2003. Above-ground biomass was removed during the last week of July at an 8-cm cutting height. x and y Indicate linear and quadratic effects of water treatments, respectively (P < 0.05).