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Phospholipid Acyl Chain and Phospholipase Dynamics during Cold Acclimation of Winter Wheat

^a USDA-ARS, 209 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
^b Dep. of Chemistry, Fulmer Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
^c Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences, 201 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Average amounts of total phospholipids in shoots of five winter wheat cultivars before and after 5 wk of cold acclimation at 4°C. Error bars indicate ± one standard error unit.

View larger version (73K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The ratio of mismatched to equal acyl chain components and total phospholipid content in shoots of five winter wheat cultivars during 5 wk of cold acclimation at 4°C. All graphs are drawn to the same scale. The cultivars were: A–El Tan, B–Froid, C–CDC Kestrel, D–Oregon Feed Wheat #5, and E–Tiber. Error bars indicate ± one standard error unit.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Average changes in molar percent of phospholipid acyl chain pairs in five winter wheat cultivars during 5 wk of cold acclimation at 4°C. The first number indicates the total number of carbons comprising the acyl chain pair, the number after the colon indicates the total number of double bonds in the acyl chain pair.

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Dynamics of total phospholipid content and of lysophosphatidyl choline 18:2 and 18:3 in winter wheat shoots during 5 wk of cold acclimation. Values presented are the averages from cultivars El Tan, Froid, CDC Kestrel, and Tiber. Fold changes are indicated relative to initial values. Exposure to cold was initiated at 20 d of growth.

View larger version (97K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. mRNA transcript number and corresponding fold-change in expression levels of five phospholipase genes in winter wheat accession 442 during 4 wk of cold acclimation at 4°C. All fold-change values are expressed relative to initial values, arbitrarily set to a value of one. The gene identification and the GenBank or TIGR (TC) sequences they were based on were A–Phospholipase C, TC148099; B–Phospholipase D, BE490064; C–Phospholipase A2, CA654135; D–GDSL lipase/hydrolase, TC143709; E–Lysophospholipase, TC171605. Error bars indicate ± one standard error unit.