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Evolution of Genome Size in the Grasses

Dep. of Crop Sciences, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 332 NSRC, 1101 W. Peabody Drive, Urbana, IL 61801

View larger version (76K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. The evolution of genome size in the grasses inferred using the squared-change parsimony (SP) criterion. Ancestral genome sizes (in pg DNA per 2C nucleus) were reconstructed as continuous-valued characters on a cladogram of diploid grass species using SP with the rooted option. The phylogeny of the grasses was rooted using phylogenetic information derived from RNA structure. Closed and open circles indicate nodes with more than twofold increases or decreases in genome size, respectively. The node defining Bromeae leads to Bromus species and the node defining Triticeae leads to Triticum and Aegilops species.

View larger version (75K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The evolution of genome size in the grasses inferred using Wagner's linear parsimony criterion. Ancestral genome sizes (in pg DNA per 2C nucleus) were reconstructed as continuous-valued characters on a cladogram of diploid grass species using linear parsimony with minimum equally parsimonious values. The phylogeny of the grasses was rooted using phylogenetic information derived from RNA structure. Closed and open circles indicate nodes with more than twofold increases or decreases in genome size, respectively.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Frequency histograms showing the frequency distribution of changes in genome size along branches of the phylogenetic tree of diploid grass species, inferred using agnostic (squared-change and Wagner parsimony) and unidirectional models. The levels of genome size change are given as fold increases or decreases occurring at individual nodes. Values are binned in class intervals of width 0.2.