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Overexpression of Polyphenol Oxidase in Transgenic Sugarcane Results in Darker Juice and Raw Sugar

^a Dep. of Biological and Physical Sciences, Univ. of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia
^b CSIRO Plant Industry, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia
^c CSIRO Plant Industry, Davies Lab., PMB, PO Aitkenvale, Qld 4814, Australia
^d Langwatlstr. 23, CH-8125 Zollikorberg, Switzerland
^e CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 350, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Juice color and PPO activities for individual clones grown in Exp. 1 and 2. Plant crop Exp. 1 sampled (a) in May 1998, (b) in September 1998, (c) ratooned clones sampled in November 1999, and (d) clones grown in Exp. 2 and sampled in June 1999. NAS, Null antisense, TC, Tissue culture clones, COM, Commercial clones. The commercial cultivars Q96 and Q117 are marked. PPO and color LSDs: Exp. 1 (n = 4) May, 0.96 and 3.94; Exp. 1 September, 0.83 and 4.21; Exp. 1 ratoon, 0.80 and 2.42; Exp. 2 (n = 3), 1.18 and 2.57 respectively. Note change of scale of x axis. Regression line is for all data in the plot and the correlation coefficient is given at the top of each panel.

View larger version (23K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Juice color and PPO activities for individual clones grown in Exp. 3 through 5. (a) Exp. 3, Samford, (b) Exp. 4, Ayr and (c) Exp. 5, Redlands. TC, Tissue culture clones, COM, Commercial clones. The commercial cultivars Q96 and Q117 are marked where included. PPO and color LSDs: Exp. 3 (n = 3) 6.16 and 7.46, Exp. 4 (n = 4) 1.53 and 3.10, Exp. 5 (n = 3) 3.84 and 4.48, respectively. Regression line is for all data in the plot and the correlation coefficient is given at the top of each panel.

View larger version (57K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. PPO activity of sense clones and Q117 in Exp. 4. All clones except 659 had PPO levels significantly higher than Q117 (LSD 1.1). The expression of PPO for clones marked with an asterisk is shown in Fig. 4.

View larger version (60K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Northern blot of RNA extracted from the fifth internode down the stem counting from the last fully expanded leaf from the commercial varieties Q117, 74C42, 3 independently transformed lines transformed with sense PPO construct (574, 498, 478) and a line regenerated from tissue culture C131. The 2.2-kb band is the size of the PPO transcript. The lower half of the figure shows the intensity of the ribosomal bands in the total RNA fractionated in 1% (w/v) formaldehyde-agarose, before transfer to the nylon membrane.