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Use of a Water Stress Index to Identify Barley Genotypes Adapted to Rainfed and Irrigated Conditions

^a Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, Via S. Protaso, 302-29017 Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Piacenza, Italy
^b Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) PF 60 12 03-14412 Potsdam, Germany
^c Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, SS 16 Km 675-71100 Foggia, Italy

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. a) Trend in temperature (minimum and maximum) and rainfall at Foggia during the three growing seasons (1998-2001) where the trials were conducted. The symbols I, II, III in the x-axis indicate for each month the first, second and third 10-d period, respectively; b) Available soil water content calculated daily for the rainfed (R) and irrigated (I) treatments during the whole period of the trials.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The relationship between average grain yield (Mg ha–1) and the integrated growing season Water Stress Index (WSI) calculated for each trial (3 yr, two treatments) on the basis of the available soil water during the growing season.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. a) The relationship between ‘rel. YI’ and ‘rel. YR’ for the genotypes during 3 yr. Both indices were calculated for each year and the means of 3 yr are reported. In the graph, the four Quadrant, 1, 2, 3, 4 identifies four types of response in terms of yield potential and stability. b) The relationship between ‘rel. YR’ and the Fischer and Maurer's susceptibility index (S) calculated for the genotypes during 3 yr. Both indices were calculated for each year and the means of 3 yr are represented. The first Quadrant (1) indicates the genotypes identified as the most adapted to drought according to Gavuzzi et al. (1993). The 8 genotypes identified by the ANOVA as superior for yield performance under rainfed and irrigated conditions are indicated by open circles.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The relationship between the integrated growing season Water Stress Index (WSI) and grain yield for 4 genotypes representative of different responses to changes in water availability.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The relationship between year of release and grain yield of the genotypes employed in this study under rainfed (R) and irrigated (I) conditions.

View larger version (42K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Distribution frequency for yield performance of 89 genotypes in rainfed (R) and irrigated (I) trials, with regard to the a) row-type; b) growth habit.