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Antioxidant Metabolism Associated with Summer Leaf Senescence and Turf Quality Decline for Creeping Bentgrass

Dep. of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ 08901

View larger version (42K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Daily maximum and minimum air temperature in (a) 1999 and (b) 2000.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Seasonal changes in turf quality for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = ‘Penncross’ + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 0.53, 0.86, 0.65, and 0.43, respectively, for 1999, and 0.85, 1.15, 0.63, and 0.65, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Seasonal changes in leaf chlorophyll content for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. FW = fresh weight; LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = ‘Penncross’ + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 0.25, 0.26, 0.29, and 0.24, respectively, for 1999, and 0.33, 0.22, 0.32, and 0.29, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Seasonal changes in leaf electrolyte leakage for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = ‘Penncross’ + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 3.0, 1.9, 3.8, and 3.5, respectively, for 1999, and 2.8, 3.0, 2.2, and 2.6, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Seasonal changes in malondialdehyde (MDA) content for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. FW = fresh weight; LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = ‘Penncross’ + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 4.8, 3.1, 4.3, and 5.7, respectively, for 1999, and 5.1, 8.4, 9.6, and 6.2, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Seasonal changes in leaf protein content for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. FW = fresh weight; LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = ‘Penncross’ + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 0.9, 1.3, 1.6, and 1.2, respectively, for 1999, and 0.8, 1.8, 1.8, and 1.4, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Seasonal changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. FW = fresh weight; LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = Penncross + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 183, 159, 168, and 137, respectively, for 1999, and 58, 61, 81, and 64, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Seasonal changes in catalase (CAT) activity for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. FW = fresh weight; LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = ‘Penncross’ + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 263, 214, 404, and 341, respectively, for 1999, and 502, 512, 535, and 515, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Seasonal changes in hydrogen peroxidase (POD) activity for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. FW = fresh weight; LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = Penncross + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 254, 494, 487, and 692, respectively, for 1999, and 820, 716, 483, and 586, respectively, for 2000.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Seasonal changes in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity for two creeping bentgrass cultivars at two mowing heights in 1999 and 2000. Vertical bars on the top indicate LSDs (P = 0.05) for comparisons between treatments at a given date of the year. FW = fresh weight; LH = ‘L-93’ + high mowing height; LL = L-93 + low mowing height; PH = ‘Penncross’ + high mowing height; PL = Penncross + low mowing height. The LSD values for the seasonal comparison for LH, LL, PH, and PL were 2.9, 3.4, 5.0, and 3.5, respectively, for 1999, and 1.3, 1.4, 1.1, and 0.8, respectively, for 2000.