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Corn Growth Responses to Composted and Fresh Solid Swine Manures

^a Dep. of Crop and Soil Sci., Michigan State Univ., 562 Plant and Soil Sciences Bldg., East Lansing, MI 48824-1325
^b Dep. of Agronomy, 3405 Agronomy Hall, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011-1010
^c USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 310 National Soil Tilth Lab., Ames, IA 50011-3120
^d Dep. of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, 3222 National Swine Research and Information Center, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011-3080

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Mean predicted corn aerial dry matter (DM) and crop growth rate (CGR) as functions of the cumulative growing degree days (GDD) after corn planting in 2000 and 2001 near Boone, IA. The P(DM) and P(CGR) symbols represent the probabilities of significant differences between corn response to composted swine hoop manure and fresh swine hoop manure. , *, and ** represent significance at the 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. The black arrow in each figure represents the time of 50% silk emergence, Plant Growth Stage R1.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Cumulative growing season precipitation (from 1 April to grain harvest) and moisture concentration of the surface 20 cm of soil during the 2000 and 2001 growing seasons near Boone, IA. The black arrow in each figure represents the time of 50% silk emergence, Plant Growth Stage R1.

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Daily mean air temperature deviations from the 50-yr average during the 2000 and 2001 growing seasons, near Boone, IA. The black arrow in each figure represents the time of 50% silk emergence, Plant Growth Stage R1. Note the intense warm period at Plant Growth Stage R1 in 2001 relative to 2000.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Mean predicted corn leaf N concentrations as functions of cumulative growing degree days (GDD) after corn planting in 2000 and 2001 near Boone, IA. The P(N) symbols represent the probabilities of significant differences between corn response to composted swine hoop manure and fresh swine hoop manure from similar origins. , *, and ** represent significance at the 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. The black arrow in each figure represents the time of 50% silk emergence, Plant Growth Stage R1.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Mean predicted corn leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) as functions of the cumulative growing degree days (GDD) after corn planting in 2000 and 2001 near Boone, IA. The P(LAI) and P(NAR) symbols represent the probabilities of significant differences in corn responses to composted swine hoop manure and fresh swine hoop manure. , *, and ** represent significance at the 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. The black arrow in each figure represents the time of 50% silk emergence, Plant Growth Stage R1.