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Nitrogen Application and Critical Shoot Nitrogen Concentration for Optimum Grain and Seed Protein Yield of Pearl Millet

^a Dep. of Agronomy, LSU Ag Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
^b Dep. of Agronomy, LSU Ag Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
^c Red River Research Station, LSU Ag Center, Bossier City, LA 71113
^d Rice Research Station, LSU Ag Center, Crowley, LA 70527
^e Red River Research Station, LSU Ag Center, Bossier City, LA 71113
^f Macon Ridge Branch, Northeast Research Station, LSU Ag Center, Winnsboro, LA 71295

View larger version (55K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Weather variables before, during, and after the pearl millet growing period for five environments.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The presumed balance of N remaining after harvest of HGM 100 pearl millet as determined by the difference in N fertilizer applied and N harvested in grain among five different environments; Crowley (C), Bossier City (BC), and Winnsboro (W) in 1998 and/or 1999. Negative values at 0 applied N represent nonfertilizer N removed from soil. Error bars represent ±1 SE. All regression equations were significant to P < 0.05 and coefficients of determination were >0.90.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Relative (percentage of maximum at each environment) grain yield response of the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100 to N fertilizer rates across five different environments; Crowley (C), Bossier City (BC), and Winnsboro (W) in 1998 and/or 1999. * = equation significant to at least P < 0.05.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The effect of N fertilizer rate, crop stage, and environment on shoot-tissue N concentration of the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100 among five different environments; Crowley (C), Bossier City (BC), and Winnsboro (W) in 1998 and/or 1999. Error bars represent ±1 SE. * = equation significant to at least P < 0.05.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The relationship between shoot-tissue N concentration and relative (percentage of maximum at each environment) grain yield at different crop stages for the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100 across five different environments; Crowley (C), Bossier City (BC), and Winnsboro (W) in 1998 and/or 1999. * = equation significant to at least P < 0.05.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. The use of old (A and B) and new (C) Cate-Nelson procedures to determine the critical N concentration of shoot tissue at different crop stages for optimum relative grain yield of the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100. Arrows in A and B would represent accurate diagnoses of deficient or adequate levels of N. Intersection of the vertical line with the y axis represents the critical N value in A and B, whereas the highest coefficient of determination (r2) value produced by a shoot N concentration represents the critical value in C.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Relative (percentage of maximum at each environment) protein yield (ha-1) response of the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100 to N fertilizer rates across five different environments; Crowley (C), Bossier City (BC), and Winnsboro (W) in 1998 and/or 1999. * = equation significant to at least P < 0.05.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. The relationship between shoot tissue N concentration and relative (percentage of maximum at each environment) protein yield (ha-1) at different crop stages for the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100 across five different environments; Crowley (C), Bossier City (BC), and Winnsboro (W) in 1998 and/or 1999. * = equation significant to at least P < 0.05.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. The use of old (A and B) and new (C) Cate–Nelson procedures to determine the critical N content of shoot tissue at different crop stages for optimum relative protein yield (ha-1) of the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100. Arrows in A and B represent accurate diagnoses of deficient or adequate levels of N. Intersection of the vertical line with the y axis represents the critical N value in A and B, whereas the highest coefficient of determination (r2) value produced by a shoot N concentration represents the critical value in C.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Amount of applied nitrogen presumed remaining after grain harvest of the pearl millet hybrid HGM 100 in five environments as it relates to shoot N content at early boot stage. * = equation significant to at least P < 0.05.