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Seed Vigor, Soilborne Pathogens, Preemergent Growth, and Soybean Seedling Emergence

^a Dep. of Botany, Univ. of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
^b Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Inst., Univ. of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
^c Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091

View larger version (56K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Effects of planting depth, soil pathogens, and seed quality on final emergence of soybean seedlings when pregerminated and dry seed were planted in sterile and nonsterile soil. Data were averaged across seedlots within a vigor level. Soil moisture content was a constant -0.005 MPa. Shallow planting = 25 mm, deep planting = 60 mm. LSD is for the comparison of any two means.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Relationship between final seedling emergence and thermal time (base temperature of 10°C) to 50% of final emergence (T50) of pregerminated and dry seed, at two planting depths, for high-, medium-, and low-vigor seedlots in sterile and nonsterile soil. Data points represent individual replicates. Regression analysis for the sterile soil treatments were not significant and the equations are not shown. The symbols *, ** denote significance at P 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effects of soil pathogens and seed quality on the type of nonemerged seedlings formed when soybean seed was planted pregerminated at a depth of 60 mm in the greenhouse. Seed that grew no further after germination are included in the abnormal seedling category. Bars representing total nonemerged seedlings with different letters are statistically different (P 0.05).