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Reproductive Development of White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) is Not Impaired by a Moderate Water Deficit That Reduces Vegetative Growth

I. Inflorescence, Floret, and Ovule Production

^a ENSAR-INRA, UMR Sols-Agronomie-Spatialisation, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, 35042 Rennes, France
^b Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, UK
^c Agro.M-CIRAD-INRA, UMR SYSTEM, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France

View larger version (42K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Change with time of leaf relative water content (RWC) for well-watered plants (C) or plants subjected to water deficit (D) in each genotype (G1 to G5) in each experiment (Exp. I to IV). In water deficit treatments, irrigation was stopped or adjusted on Day 0. In Exp. I, columns were fully rehydrated on Day 34. Each point is the mean of four (Exp. III), six (Exp. I and IV) or eight leaf measurements (Exp. II). Bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Dotted vertical lines indicate the beginning and the end of the stabilized water deficit period characterized by stabilized soil water potential (Exp. I), stabilized available soil water (Exp. II and IV) or stabilized water level in column (Exp. III). Values in brackets refer to RWC averaged during water deficit period. Each water deficit treatment (D) was characterized a posteriori as moderate water deficit (filled triangle) or severe water deficit (filled diamond) on the basis of reduction in RWC compared with the control (C, open circle) with the threshold value of 12% reduction in mean RWC that defined the level of water deficit required for maximum inhibition in stolon branching in absence of symptoms of wilting.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. (a) Final length of inflorescence peduncle as a function of final length of axillary leaf petiole, for plants of genotype G2 (filled symbols) and G3 (open symbols) subjected to well-watered treatment (circle), moderate water deficit (triangle) and severe water deficit (diamond) in Exp. III. (b) Normalized reduction in final petiole length as a function of normalized reduction in relative water content (RWC). For each variable, normalized reduction is the difference between mean values in the control and the water deficit treatment divided by the mean value in the control. Each point represents one treatment (well-watered, circle; moderate water deficit, triangle; severe water deficit, diamond) for each genotype (G1 to G5) in each experiment (I to IV).

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Potential seed number (i.e., number of ovules per plant) as a function of number of inflorescences per plant for each group of genotypes, having 4 (filled symbols; G3 and G4) or 6 ovules per floret (open symbols; G1, G2, and G5). Each point represents one treatment (well-watered, circle; moderate water deficit, triangle; severe water deficit, diamond) for each genotype in each experiment.